Geometry: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Switch by Sam Perkins.png|250px|thumb|right|''Switch by [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thecubb/5132746341/ Sam Perkins]'' - This image serves as an example of a single frame of typical level 4 [[psychedelic]] geometry.]] | [[File:Switch by Sam Perkins.png|250px|thumb|right|''Switch by [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thecubb/5132746341/ Sam Perkins]'' - This image serves as an example of a single frame of typical level 4 [[psychedelic]] geometry.]] | ||
Geometry is | '''Geometry''' (also known as '''visual planforms''') is defined as the experience of a person's field of vision becoming partially or completely encompassed by fast-moving, colorful, and indescribably complex geometric patterns,<ref name="PapoutsisNikolaou2014">{{cite journal|last1=Papoutsis|first1=Ioannis|last2=Nikolaou|first2=Panagiota|last3=Stefanidou|first3=Maria|last4=Spiliopoulou|first4=Chara|last5=Athanaselis|first5=Sotiris|title=25B-NBOMe and its precursor 2C-B: modern trends and hidden dangers|journal=Forensic Toxicology|volume=33|issue=1|year=2014|pages=1–11|issn=1860-8965|doi=10.1007/s11419-014-0242-9}}</ref><ref name="Abraham1983">{{cite journal|last1=Abraham|first1=Henry David|title=Visual Phenomenology of the LSD Flashback|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=40|issue=8|year=1983|pages=884|issn=0003-990X|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790070074009}}</ref><ref name="BressloffCowan2002">{{cite journal|last1=Bressloff|first1=Paul C.|last2=Cowan|first2=Jack D.|last3=Golubitsky|first3=Martin|last4=Thomas|first4=Peter J.|last5=Wiener|first5=Matthew C.|title=What Geometric Visual Hallucinations Tell Us about the Visual Cortex|journal=Neural Computation|volume=14|issue=3|year=2002|pages=473–491|issn=0899-7667|doi=10.1162/089976602317250861}}</ref><ref name="JuszczakSwiergiel2013">{{cite journal|last1=Juszczak|first1=Grzegorz R.|last2=Swiergiel|first2=Artur H.|title=Recreational Use of D-Lysergamide from the Seeds ofArgyreia Nervosa,Ipomoea Tricolor, Ipomoea Violacea,andIpomoea Purpureain Poland|journal=Journal of Psychoactive Drugs|volume=45|issue=1|year=2013|pages=79–93|issn=0279-1072|doi=10.1080/02791072.2013.763570}}</ref><ref name="MuthukumaraswamyCarhart-Harris2013">{{cite journal|last1=Muthukumaraswamy|first1=S. D.|last2=Carhart-Harris|first2=R. L.|last3=Moran|first3=R. J.|last4=Brookes|first4=M. J.|last5=Williams|first5=T. M.|last6=Errtizoe|first6=D.|last7=Sessa|first7=B.|last8=Papadopoulos|first8=A.|last9=Bolstridge|first9=M.|last10=Singh|first10=K. D.|last11=Feilding|first11=A.|last12=Friston|first12=K. J.|last13=Nutt|first13=D. J.|title=Broadband Cortical Desynchronization Underlies the Human Psychedelic State|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|volume=33|issue=38|year=2013|pages=15171–15183|issn=0270-6474|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013}}</ref><ref>Siegel RK, Jarvik ME: Drug-induced hallucinations in animals and | ||
man, in Siegel RK, West LJ (eds): Hallucinations. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1975, pp 81-162</ref><ref>Klüver, H. (1928). Mescal, and mechanisms of hallucinations. University of Chicago Press.</ref> [[form constants]],<ref name="Tyler1978">{{cite journal|last1=Tyler|first1=Christopher W.|title=Some new entoptic phenomena|journal=Vision Research|volume=18|issue=12|year=1978|pages=1633–1639|issn=00426989|doi=10.1016/0042-6989(78)90255-9}}</ref><ref name="YoungCole1975">{{cite journal|last1=Young|first1=Rockefeller S.L.|last2=Cole|first2=Robert E.|last3=Gamble|first3=Michael|last4=Rayner|first4=Martin D.|title=Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker|journal=Vision Research|volume=15|issue=11|year=1975|pages=1291–1293|issn=00426989|doi=10.1016/0042-6989(75)90177-7}}</ref> shapes,<ref name="JuszczakSwiergiel2013" /> [[fractal]]s,<ref name="JuszczakSwiergiel2013" /> and colors. | |||
These geometric forms can also become structured and organized in a manner that appears to present genuine information to the person experiencing them far beyond the perception of meaningless, although complex, shapes, and colors. | |||
The geometric representations may feel as though they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain in an extremely detailed manner. | |||
Geometry is rarely motionless and is generally extremely fast-moving,<ref name="PapoutsisNikolaou2014" /> and self-changing in regards to its shape and style. During this process, the geometry naturally drifts laterally or radially across the visual field to create overlapping webs of geometric patterns which transition through many distinct states, all of which are visible within a single perceptual frame. | |||
This | This experience is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[internal hallucinations]],<ref name="JuszczakSwiergiel2013" /> [[environmental patterning]], and [[drifting]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[psychedelic]] compounds such as [[LSD]],<ref name="JuszczakSwiergiel2013" /> [[psilocybin]], and [[mescaline]]. However, it can also occur to a lesser extent under the influence of [[cannabinoid|cannabinoids]], [[entactogens]], and [[dissociative|dissociatives]] such as [[cannabis]],<ref name="BressloffCowan2002" /> [[MDMA]], and [[DXM]]. | ||
Geometry is capable of manifesting itself across known nine different levels of intensity. These tend to depend on the dosage, but can also fluctuate wildly in their intensity due to external triggers such as a person's [[set and setting]]. The individual levels are defined below: | |||
===='''1. Visual noise'''==== | ===='''1. Visual noise'''==== | ||
At the lowest level | At the lowest level — which may be experienced in a completely sober state — geometry is perceived as visual noise (also known as [[visual snow]], visual static, or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigengrau eigengrau]), combined with stray light and dark red regions that appear under the eyelids. | ||
===='''2. Motion and color'''==== | ===='''2. Motion and color'''==== | ||
At this level | At this level — which is also obtainable without [[hallucinogen|hallucinogens]] — the effect can be described as the appearance of unstructured regions of sudden flashes and clouds of color. These are typically referred to as phosphenes and can often be experienced in a sober state by rubbing or applying pressure on or near the closed eyes. | ||
===='''3. Partially defined geometry'''==== | ===='''3. Partially defined geometry'''==== | ||
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At the highest level, geometry is capable of forking off into two separate levels of equal intensity known as level 8A and 8B. Environmental factors, a person's state of mind, and the substance consumed may determine which level a person experiences. | At the highest level, geometry is capable of forking off into two separate levels of equal intensity known as level 8A and 8B. Environmental factors, a person's state of mind, and the substance consumed may determine which level a person experiences. | ||
Once visual geometry reaches level 8A or 8B it begins to become structured and organized in a way that | Once visual geometry reaches level 8A or 8B it begins to become structured and organized in a way that appears to present genuine information to the person experiencing it far beyond the preceding seven levels of relatively meaningless, although complex, shapes and colours. This occurs through the perception of innately understood geometric forms that feel as if they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain. Although this is also possible to a much lesser extent at lower levels it does not occur as consistently, and the intensity of it at levels 8A and 8B is significantly higher. At this point concepts can be seen as not just embedded within a person's closed or open eye visual field, but can also be simultaneously felt through indescribably complex physical and cognitive sensations. | ||
It is worth noting that there are particular attributes of psychedelic substances which tend to result in a higher likelihood of level 8A over 8B and vice versa. Psychedelics which are [[stimulation|stimulating | It is worth noting that there are particular attributes of psychedelic substances which tend to result in a higher likelihood of level 8A over 8B and vice versa. Psychedelics which are physically [[stimulation|stimulating]] and contain low amounts of [[hallucinatory states|hallucinatory content]] typically result in level 8A. For example, hallucinogens which tend towards causing level 8A include [[LSD]], [[2C-B]], and [[4-HO-MET]]. In contrast, psychedelics which lead to level 8B are typically [[sedation|sedating]] in physical effects and contain high amounts of hallucinatory content. For example, hallucinogens which tend towards causing level 8B include [[psilocybin]], [[LSA]], [[DMT]], and [[2C-T-7]]. | ||
====='''8A - Perceived exposure to semantic concept network'''===== | ====='''8A - Perceived exposure to semantic concept network'''===== | ||
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====Psychedelic artwork==== | ====Psychedelic artwork==== | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
{{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Artwork]]}} | {{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Artwork]][[Category:Replication]]}} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
====[[Fractal]]s==== | ====[[Fractal]]s==== | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
{{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Fractals]]}} | {{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Fractals]][[Category:Replication]]}} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
====Shipibo textiles==== | ====Shipibo textiles==== | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
{{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Textile]]}} | {{Gallery|[[Effect::Geometry]][[Category:Textile]][[Category:Replication]]}} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
===Variations=== | ===Variations=== | ||
The specific differences between each potential style of geometry can be broken down into the following variations: | The specific differences between each potential style of geometry can be broken down into the following variations: | ||
*'''Intricate vs. simplistic''' - Geometry can either present itself as incomprehensibly intricate and complex in its appearance or simplistic, basic and comprehensible even at higher doses. For example, the geometry associated with [[dissociative]]s tends to be consistently overly simplistic in form while most psychedelics are significantly more intricate. | *'''Intricate vs. simplistic''' - Geometry can either present itself as incomprehensibly intricate and complex in its appearance or simplistic, basic and comprehensible even at higher doses. For example, the geometry associated with [[dissociative]]s tends to be consistently overly simplistic in form while most psychedelics are significantly more intricate. | ||
*'''Algorithmic vs. abstract''' - Geometry can either appear to follow mathematical rules and logically consistent forms in its design (which often results in high amounts of fractals and semi-predictable shapes). In contrast to this, however, geometry can also be completely abstract or random in its appearance in a way that contains an infinite amount of completely unpredictable variety. | *'''Algorithmic vs. abstract''' - Geometry can either appear to follow mathematical rules and logically consistent forms in its design (which often results in high amounts of fractals and semi-predictable shapes). In contrast to this, however, geometry can also be completely abstract or random in its appearance in a way that contains an infinite amount of completely unpredictable variety. | ||
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*'''Smooth vs. jittery''' - In terms of its motion, geometry can move smoothly with a high frame rate, or it can be jittery in its motion with lag and a low frame rate. | *'''Smooth vs. jittery''' - In terms of its motion, geometry can move smoothly with a high frame rate, or it can be jittery in its motion with lag and a low frame rate. | ||
*'''Round corners vs. angular corners''' - Geometry can either have mostly rounded and circular corners or mostly sharp corners with sharp and angular geometry. | *'''Round corners vs. angular corners''' - Geometry can either have mostly rounded and circular corners or mostly sharp corners with sharp and angular geometry. | ||
*'''Non-immersive vs. immersive''' - Geometry can be manifested in front of one's face | *'''Non-immersive vs. immersive''' - Geometry can be manifested in front of one's face in a manner which feels separate and as if it was being presented on some screen without a distinct sense of size or distance attributed to it. In contrast, geometry can feel as if one is completely immersed in and surrounded by it with a distinct sense of attributed size and distance. | ||
*'''Consistent vs. progressive''' - Geometry can be manifested as consistent and steady in its intensity, complexity and visibility regardless of disturbances within the external environment. In contrast, however, it can manifest as progressive in its intensity which means that disturbances and sensory input such as bright lights, loud noises and distractions within the external environment will prevent or cut off the intensity, complexity and visibility from building up to its limit whilst darkness will cause it to steadily rise in complexity. | *'''Consistent vs. progressive''' - Geometry can be manifested as consistent and steady in its intensity, complexity and visibility regardless of disturbances within the external environment. In contrast, however, it can manifest as progressive in its intensity which means that disturbances and sensory input such as bright lights, loud noises and distractions within the external environment will prevent or cut off the intensity, complexity and visibility from building up to its limit whilst darkness will cause it to steadily rise in complexity. | ||
*'''[[8A Geometry|Level 8A]] vs. [[8B Geometry|level 8B]]''' - At its eighth and highest level of experience, geometry is capable of branching off into two different directions of equal intensity. The first of these is [[8A Geometry|Level 8A – exposure to semantic concept network]] and the second of these is [[8B Geometry|Level 8B – exposure to the internal mechanics of consciousness]].</onlyinclude> | *'''[[8A Geometry|Level 8A]] vs. [[8B Geometry|level 8B]]''' - At its eighth and highest level of experience, geometry is capable of branching off into two different directions of equal intensity. The first of these is [[8A Geometry|Level 8A – exposure to semantic concept network]] and the second of these is [[8B Geometry|Level 8B – exposure to the internal mechanics of consciousness]]. </onlyinclude> | ||
===Psychoactive substances=== | ===Psychoactive substances=== | ||
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Geometry]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | {{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Geometry]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | ||
===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our [[experience index]] include: | Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our [[experience index]] include: | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::Geometry]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | {{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::Geometry]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | ||
===See also=== | ===See also=== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Subjective effects index]] | *[[Subjective effects index]] | ||
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*[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | *[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | ||
*[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | *[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | ||
===External links=== | ===External links=== | ||
*[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23273798.2016.1217030 Semantic activation in LSD: evidence from picture naming] | *[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23273798.2016.1217030 Semantic activation in LSD: evidence from picture naming] | ||
*[https://plus.maths.org/content/os/issue53/features/hallucinations/index Uncoiling the spiral: Maths and hallucinations] | |||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
<references/> | <references /> | ||
{{#set:Featured=true | {{#set:Featured=true | ||
|Belongs to=Visual effects | |Belongs to=Visual effects | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[Category:Sensory]] [[Category:Visual]] [[Category:Geometry]] [[Category:Effect]] | [[Category:Sensory]] | ||
[[Category:Visual]] | |||
[[Category:Geometry]] | |||
[[Category:Effect]] |