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Talk:Bromazolam
Revision as of 09:57, 11 March 2024 by >Yurple(Add Legal Info for some countries (from the WHO report) (who list no source, so i assume its okay to do this without source as well))
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Dosage ranges and duration of action from the most reliable and up to date resource so far?
Page 8 of their reports on ROA's and dosage seemed most particularly helpful.
Light dosage range is reported to be: (0,5mg-1mg) Common dosage range is reported to be: (1mg-2mg) Strong/heavy dosage range is reported to be:(2mg-4mg+)
"Onset of effects after oral use is estimated to be 15–45 min, and the duration of action is 5–8 h." - WHO Critical Review findings [1]
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Like other benzodiazepines, Bromazolam binds to specific sites on the GABAA receptor.[4] Since it is not available by prescription and is sold online on clearnet and darknet vendors - it is commonly used to self-medicate or for recreational purposes.
Any comments regarding its pharmacology are purely speculation based upon the subjective effects as no formal research is available.
The sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines can be potentially dangerous or life-threatening for individuals using regularly for extended periods of time, sometimes resulting in seizures or death.[5] It is highly recommended to taper one's dose by gradually lowering the amount taken each day for a prolonged period of time instead of stopping abruptly.[6]
As a result, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.
Bromazolam (XLI-268) is a Triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesized in 1976 by Hofman LaRoche, and was developed as a canidate medication, bur was never approved for use, and was never marketed.[7]Bromazolam was first found definitively in Sweden in 2016 by the EMCDDA. Since then, the compound has been detected in products or in biological samples in nine countries: Australia, Austria, China, Finland, Germany, India, and Sweden, the United Kingdom (Wales) and in the USA. Bromazolam is not under international control.
Bromazolam seems to be commonly sold as blue Diazepam pills [8] in the UK.
Chemistry
Chemical Structure Comparison of Alprazolam and Bromazolam. Structures drawn by Kevin G. Shanks (2023).
Bromazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesized in 1976, but was never marketed.[1] It has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, first being definitively identified by the EMCDDA in Sweden in 2016.[2] It is the bromo instead of chloro analogue of alprazolam and has similar sedative and anxiolytic effects to it and other benzodiazepines.[3][4] Bromazolam is a non subtype selective agonist at the benzodiazepine (BZD) site of GABAA receptors, with a binding affinity of 2.81nM at the α1 subtype, 0.69nM at α2 and 0.62nM at α5.[5] Benzodiazepines produce a variety of effects by binding to the benzodiazepine receptor site and magnifying the efficiency and effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) by acting on its receptors.[9] Bromazolam is a positive allosteric modulator of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. As this site is the most prolific inhibitory receptor set within the brain, its modulation results in the sedating (or calming effects) of alprazolam on the nervous system. The anticonvulsant properties of benzodiazepines may be, in part or entirely, due to binding to voltage-dependent sodium channels rather than benzodiazepine receptors.[10]
The GABAA receptor is made up of 5 subunits out of a possible 19, and GABAA receptors made up of different combinations of subunits have different properties, different locations within the brain, and, importantly, different activities with regard to benzodiazepines. Bromazolam and other triazolobenzodiazepines such as triazolam that have a triazole ring fused to their diazepine ring appear to have antidepressant properties.[11] This is perhaps due to the similarities shared with tricyclic antidepressants, as they have two benzene rings fused to a diazepine ring.
Bromazolam's headspace is described by some as one of intense sedation, relaxation, anxiety suppression and decreased inhibition. Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
Bromazolam's physical effects are mainly those of intense sedation, sleepiness, and muscle relaxation.
You may select physical effects to add below here.
Sedation[citation needed] - Bromazolam is capable of producing strong sedation and can lead to a lethargic state. At higher levels, this causes users to suddenly feel as if they are extremely sleep deprived and need to fight to stay awake. This sleep deprivation increases proportionally to dosage and eventually becomes powerful enough to force the user into a deep state of unconsciousness.
Perception of bodily heaviness - Bromazolam is reported to cause feelings of heaviness in the body. This effect can range from motor impairment and difficulty moving at lower doses to complete lethargy or inability to stand up or move at high doses.
Motor control loss[citation needed] - Bromazolam impairs motor control in a dose-dependent manner similar to alcohol. Higher doses significantly increase the risk of physical injury via falling over or stumbling into objects. This risk is especially prominent around stairs and slopes.
Dizziness[citation needed] - Dizziness is sometimes present with higher doses, although generally less than the dizzying effects of alcohol (colloquially known as "the spins").
Bromazolam's headspace is described by some as one of intense sedation, relaxation, anxiety suppression and decreased inhibition.
You may select from a list of cognitive effects to add below here.
Compulsive redosing - Bromazolam produces disinhibition which, along with its memory suppressing effects, can easily lead the user to black out and redose continually until their supply runs out or they lose consciousness. This effect can place the user at risk of fatal overdose from respiratory depression if they are consuming it with alcohol or other depressants.
Confusion - Bromazolam can cause confusion at heavy doses. This effect is a result of the drug suppressing basic cognitive functions such as comprehension, memory, and reasoning skills.
Delusions of sobriety - This is the false belief that one is perfectly sober despite obvious evidence to the contrary such as severe cognitive impairment and an inability to fully communicate with others. It most commonly occurs at heavy dosages.
Dream suppression[citation needed] - Benzodiazepines like bromazolam generally inhibit REM sleep and suppress the experience of dreaming. Sleep on benzodiazepines is generally reported to be deep and refreshing, although it should be noted that the actual sleep quality is lower which is why the use of benzodiazepines as long-term sleep aids is not advised.
Emotion suppression - Although bromazolam primarily suppresses anxiety, it also dulls other emotions in a manner which is distinct but less intensive than that of antipsychotics.
Euphoria - A distinct portion of users report feeling a marked sense of emotional well-being and comfort while under the influence of this substance. Because this does not occur regularly or consistently for most users, it is speculated that this effect only manifests among those who have unusually high baseline levels of anxiety.
Language suppression - Bromazolam is capable of causing slurred speech and difficulty communicating words in a clear fashion.
Amnesia - Higher doses of bromazolam can easily lead to complete short-term amnesia (black out) similar to that of high doses of alcohol. User reports claim Bromazalam more easily induces blackouts than other similar compounds at similar doses
Motivation suppression - Due to bromazolam's heavy sedation and lethargy, doing any type of activity that requires moving, or high amounts of effort may be difficult to do, especially at higher doses.
Rebound anxiety - Rebound anxiety is a commonly observed effect with anxiety relieving substances like benzodiazepines. It typically corresponds to the total duration spent under the substance's influence along with the total amount consumed in a given period, an effect which can easily lend itself to cycles of dependence and addiction.
Residual sleepiness - While benzodiazepines can be used as an effective sleep-inducing aid, their effects may persist into the morning afterward, which may lead users to feeling "groggy" or "dull" for up to a few hours.
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.
As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.
Bromazolam is unscheduled in most of the world.
Bromazolam is a class c scheduled substance in the UK.[13]
Bromazolam is unscheduled at the federal level in the United States. However a number of states such as Virginia have placed Bromazolam into Schedule 1 [14]. Additionally the substance is covered by the Federal Analogues Act.
Bromazolam is classified as a schedule IV substance under Canadian law.
↑Manchester KR, Lomas EC, Waters L, Dempsey FC, Maskell PD (January 2018). "The emergence wiener of new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepines: A review". Drug Testing and Analysis. 10 (1): 37–53. doi:10.1002/dta.2211. PMID 28471096.
↑Benzodiazepines, but not beta carbolines, limit high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials of spinal cord neurons in cell culture. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2450203
↑Barbee JG (October 1993). "Memory, benzodiazepines, and anxiety: integration of theoretical and clinical perspectives". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 54 Suppl (Suppl): 86–97, discussion 98–101. PMID 8262893.
