Talk:Bromazolam

Revision as of 22:44, 6 April 2022 by >OddPlague (removed dosage template)

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Fatal overdose may occur when benzodiazepines are combined with other depressants such as opiates, barbiturates, gabapentinoids, thienodiazepines, alcohol or other GABAergic substances.[1]

It is strongly discouraged to combine these substances, particularly in common to heavy doses.

Summary sheet: Bromazolam

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Bromazolam
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names Bromazolam, XLI-268
Substitutive name Bromazolam
Systematic name 8-bromo-6-phenyl-1-methyl-4H-benzo[f] [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1,4]diazepine
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Depressant
Chemical class Benzodiazepine
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.



Oral
Dosage
Threshold 0.50 mg
Light 0.5 - 1.0 mg
Common 1.0 - 2.0 mg
Strong 2.0 - 4.0 mg
Heavy 4.0 mg +
Duration
Total 6 - 20 hours [2]
Onset 15 - 45 minutes
Peak 5 - 8 hours
After effects 1 - 12 hours









DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.


Bromazolam' (also known as Brom, Bromaz, or XLI-268) is a depressant substance of the benzodiazepine class - more specifically it is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD). Its characteristic effects include anxiety suppression, sedation, disinhibition, and muscle relaxation. It is currently unscheduled in most parts of the world, and hence it is commonly sold as a research chemical. It is most commonly seen as a slightly more sedating and longer-lasting version of alprazolam

Like other benzodiazepines, bromazolam binds to specific sites on the GABAA receptor.[3] Since it is not available by prescription and is sold online on clearnet and darknet vendors - it is commonly used to self-medicate or for recreational purposes.

The sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines can be potentially dangerous or life-threatening for individuals using regularly for extended periods of time, sometimes resulting in seizures or death.[4] It is highly recommended to taper one's dose by gradually lowering the amount taken each day for a prolonged period of time instead of stopping abruptly.[5]


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History and culture

 

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Bromazolam was first synthesized in 1976, but was never marketed.[1]

Chemistry

 

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It is the bromo instead of chloro analogue of alprazolam and its chemical formula is C17H13BrN4.

Pharmacology

 

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Bromazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesized in 1976, but was never marketed.[1] It has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, first being definitively identified by the EMCDDA in Sweden in 2016.[2] It is the bromo instead of chloro analogue of alprazolam and has similar sedative and anxiolytic effects to it and other benzodiazepines.[3][4] Bromazolam is a non subtype selective agonist at the benzodiazepine (BZD) site of GABAA receptors, with a binding affinity of 2.81nM at the α1 subtype, 0.69nM at α2 and 0.62nM at α5.[5] Benzodiazepines produce a variety of effects by binding to the benzodiazepine receptor site and magnifying the efficiency and effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) by acting on its receptors.[6] Bromazolam is a positive allosteric modulator of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. As this site is the most prolific inhibitory receptor set within the brain, its modulation results in the sedating (or calming effects) of alprazolam on the nervous system. The anticonvulsant properties of benzodiazepines may be, in part or entirely, due to binding to voltage-dependent sodium channels rather than benzodiazepine receptors.[7]

The GABAA receptor is made up of 5 subunits out of a possible 19, and GABAA receptors made up of different combinations of subunits have different properties, different locations within the brain, and, importantly, different activities with regard to benzodiazepines. Bromazolam and other triazolobenzodiazepines such as triazolam that have a triazole ring fused to their diazepine ring appear to have antidepressant properties.[8] This is perhaps due to the similarities shared with tricyclic antidepressants, as they have two benzene rings fused to a diazepine ring.

Subjective effects

 
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Bromazolam's headspace is described by some as one of intense sedation, relaxation, anxiety suppression and decreased inhibition. Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.


Physical effects
 

Visual effects
 

Cognitive effects
 

After effects
 

Experience reports

There are currently 0 experience reports which describe the effects of this substance in our experience index.

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

 

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Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Lethal dosage


Tolerance and addiction potential


Dangerous interactions

 

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Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

 

This legality section is a stub.

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Bromazolam is unscheduled in most of the world.

See also

(List along order below)

Literature

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References

  1. Risks of Combining Depressants - TripSit 
  2. WHO Critical Review Report: Bromazolam (2022)
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303399/
  4. A fatal case of benzodiazepine withdrawal. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19465812
  5. Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain - Appendix B-6: Benzodiazepine Tapering | http://nationalpaincentre.mcmaster.ca/opioid/cgop_b_app_b06.html
  6. Benzodiazepine interactions with GABA receptors (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6147796
  7. Benzodiazepines, but not beta carbolines, limit high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials of spinal cord neurons in cell culture. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2450203
  8. Barbee JG (October 1993). "Memory, benzodiazepines, and anxiety: integration of theoretical and clinical perspectives". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 54 Suppl (Suppl): 86–97, discussion 98–101. PMID 8262893.
  9. Goyal, Sarita. "Drugs and Dreams." Indian Journal of Clinical Practice (n.d.): n. pag. Web. | http://medind.nic.in/iaa/t13/i3/iaat13i3p624.pdf
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