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AB-FUBINACA
Revision as of 00:58, 10 December 2019 by >LockPicker(Revised german legal status)
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.
DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
AB-FUBINACA was originally developed by Pfizer in 2009 as an analgesic medication,[1] but was not pursued for human use. Subsequently in 2012, it was discovered as an ingredient in synthetic cannabis blends in Japan[2] along with a related compound AB-PINACA which had not previously been reported.
Cannabinoids are commonly smoked or vaporized to achieve a quick onset of effects and rapid offset. AB-FUBINACA is orally active when dissolved in a lipid, which can increase the duration significantly. Like other cannabinoids, it is insoluble in water but dissolves in ethanol and lipids.
AB-FUBINACA, or N-[(1S)-1-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-methylpropyl]-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide, is a synthetic indazolecarboxamide drug as it contains a substituted indazole core. A 4-substituted fluorophenyl group is bound to this indazole core through a methyl group at R1 of the indazole. This indazole is substituted at R3 with a carboxamide group. The terminal amine of this carboxamide is bonded to a substituted propyl chain with an aminocarbonyl group at R1 and a methyl group at R2.
Pharmacology
Although this substance has not been formally studied, from analysis of the structure, it is presumed that AB-FUBINACA has a similar binding profile to that of other cannabinoids and matches many of the in vivo properties of Δ9-THC. AB-FUBINACA exhibits its range of effects via full agonism of both the CB1 and CB2cannabinoidreceptors, with some selectivity for CB2. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the cannabinoid high experience continues to remain elusive.
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWikicontributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
Sedation - Generally, the effects on the user's energy levels are primarily sedating. This encourages one to relax, and (at higher doses) fall asleep. This can be suppressed by simply forcing oneself to engage in physical activities.
Spontaneous physical sensations - The "body high" of AB-FUBINACA may be described as a warm, soft, pleasurable, all-encompassing tingling sensation that spreads over the body after initial ingestion. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached before immediately dissipating. At high doses, this can become uncomfortably intense.
Motor control loss - This substance causes a partial to moderate suppression of motor control which intensifies proportional to dose but rarely results in a complete inability to walk and perform basic movements.
Appetite enhancement - As with many other cannabinoids, AB-FUBINACA causes an increase in appetite[3], known colloquially as "the munchies" in popular American and United Kingdom culture. Clinical studies and survey data have found that cannabis increases food enjoyment and interest in food.[4] This is thought to be due to the way in which endocannabinoids in the hypothalamus activate cannabinoid receptors that are responsible for maintaining food intake.[5]
Changes in felt gravity - AB-FUBINACA can cause vertigo with which the environment appears to be spinning or oscillating. At moderate doses, it can spontaneously induce the sensation of falling, which can be overwhelming and uncomfortable.
Psychosis - The prolonged usage of synthetic cannabinoids may increase one's disposition to psychosis[6], particularly in vulnerable individuals with risk factors for psychotic illnesses (like a past or family history of schizophrenia).[7][8][9]
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found here:
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational AB-FUBINACA use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because AB-FUBINACA has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried AB-FUBINACA within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Informal experiments have shown that overdose will cause physical discomfort including heart palpitations, vertigo and sedation at much lower than dangerous doses, usually causing the user to suffer large amounts of anxiety or to fall asleep.
It is worth noting that this compound has been linked to multiple hospitalizations and deaths due to its use.[10][11]
It has often been recommended that those with severe pre-existing mental conditions should not ingest these substances due to the way they strongly increase one's current state of mind and emotions. Also, like THC, prolonged usage of synthetic cannabinoids may increase one's disposition to mental illness and psychosis[12], particularly in vulnerable individuals with risk factors for psychotic illnesses (like a past or family history of schizophrenia).[13][14][15]
As synthetic cannabinoids are active in the milligram range (with below 5mg being a typical dose), it is important to use proper precautions when dosing to avoid a negative experience.
As with other synthetic cannabinoids, the chronic use of AB-FUBINACA can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
Tolerance to many of the effects of AB-FUBINACA develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). AB-FUBINACA presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all cannabinoids]], meaning that after the consumption of AB-FUBINACA all cannabinoids will have a reduced effect.
Dangerous interactions
Warning:Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can increase Effect:Paranoia leading to negative experiences
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can increase Effect:Paranoia leading to negative experiences
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[DangerousInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Lithium is commonly prescribed in the treatment of bipolar disorder; however, there is a large body of anecdotal evidence that suggests taking it with cannabinoids can significantly increase the risk of psychosis and seizures. As a result, this combination should be strictly avoided.
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]] - Cannabis can intensify the overall effects of psilocybin mushrooms, possibly leading to a bad trip.
"[[UncertainInteraction" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]
Legal status
China: As of October 2015 AB-FUBINACA is a controlled substance in China.[16]
Germany: AB-FUBINACA is controlled under Anlage II BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule II) as of December 13, 2014.[17][18] It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.[19]
United Kingdom: AB-FUBINACA is a class B drug under the third-generation synthetic cannabinoids generic definition, which came into effect on the 14th December 2016 and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. [21]
United States: In January 2014, AB-FUBINACA was designated as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States.[22]
↑Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence - The British Journal of Psychiatry Jan 2004, 184 (2) 110-117 | http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/184/2/110.short
↑Every-Palmer, S. Synthetic cannabinoid use and psychosis: an explorative study. Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2011.
↑Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence - The British Journal of Psychiatry Jan 2004, 184 (2) 110-117 | http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/184/2/110.short
↑Every-Palmer, S. Synthetic cannabinoid use and psychosis: an explorative study. Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2011.
↑Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem (Indazola-3-karbonilatvasinājumi) | http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086
