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Myristicin: Difference between revisions
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'''''Myristicin''''' is a [[Chemical class::phenylpropene]], a natural organic compound which is classed as a [[psychoactive class::deliriant]], present in small amounts in the essential oil of nutmeg and to a lesser extent in other spices such as parsley and dill.<ref>http://www.lktlabs.com/products/Myristicin-126-50.html</ref> It is believed that Myristicin, along with [[elemicin]] and [[safrole]], are the main psychoactive components found within nutmeg, responsible for it's psychoactive properties. | '''''Myristicin''''' is a [[Chemical class::phenylpropene]], a natural organic compound which is classed as a [[psychoactive class::deliriant]], present in small amounts in the essential oil of nutmeg and to a lesser extent in other spices such as parsley and dill.<ref>http://www.lktlabs.com/products/Myristicin-126-50.html</ref> It is believed that Myristicin, along with [[elemicin]] and [[safrole]], are the main psychoactive components found within nutmeg, responsible for it's psychoactive properties. | ||
Myristicin acts as an [[Deliriant|anticholinergic]], and is the traditional precursor for the psychedelic and empathogenic drug MMDA. | Myristicin acts as an [[Deliriant|anticholinergic]], and is the traditional precursor for the psychedelic and empathogenic drug [[MMDA]]. | ||
Nutmeg was reported to induce hallucinogenic effects, such as visual distortions and paranoid ideation. In the reports, nutmeg intoxication took several hours before maximum effect was reached. Effects and after-effects lasted up to several days. Raw nutmeg consists of 5-15% essential oil by mass. 4-8.5% of nutmeg essential oil, or 0.2-1.3% of raw nutmeg, is myristicin. One study found 20 grams of nutmeg to contain 210 mg myristicin.<ref>https://bitnest.netfirms.com/external.php?id=%250E%253D9%250F%2524G%252F%2518B%255B%255B4%2522.FXQ%255CO%2500TK</ref> | Nutmeg was reported to induce hallucinogenic effects, such as visual distortions and paranoid ideation. In the reports, nutmeg intoxication took several hours before maximum effect was reached. Effects and after-effects lasted up to several days. Raw nutmeg consists of 5-15% essential oil by mass. 4-8.5% of nutmeg essential oil, or 0.2-1.3% of raw nutmeg, is myristicin. One study found 20 grams of nutmeg to contain 210 mg myristicin.<ref>https://bitnest.netfirms.com/external.php?id=%250E%253D9%250F%2524G%252F%2518B%255B%255B4%2522.FXQ%255CO%2500TK</ref> | ||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
{{chemistry}} | {{chemistry}} | ||
Myristicin belongs to a chemical class known as phenylpropenes. It features a methylenedioxy ring at the R<sub>3</sub> and R<sub>4</sub> positions, as well as a separate methoxy group at the R<sub>5</sub> position, attached to the main phenylpropene group. | Myristicin belongs to a chemical class known as [[phenylpropenes]]. It features a methylenedioxy ring at the R<sub>3</sub> and R<sub>4</sub> positions, as well as a separate methoxy group at the R<sub>5</sub> position, attached to the main phenylpropene group. | ||
The phenylpropene group consists of an allyl group attached to a benzene ring. | The phenylpropene group consists of an allyl group attached to a benzene ring. | ||
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==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
{{pharmacology}} | {{pharmacology}} | ||
In 1963, Alexander Shulgin speculated myristicin could be metabolized to MMDA, a psychoactive drug related to MDA, in the liver.<ref>http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1966-01-01_4_page003.html</ref> Myristicin is found to be a serotonin receptor antagonist, while also acting as a weak MAO inhibitor. | In 1963, Alexander Shulgin speculated myristicin could be metabolized to [[MMDA]], a psychoactive drug related to [[MDA]], in the liver.<ref>http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1966-01-01_4_page003.html</ref> Myristicin is found to be a serotonin receptor antagonist, while also acting as a weak MAO inhibitor. | ||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
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===Physical effects=== | ===Physical effects=== | ||
In comparison to [[datura]] or [[diphenhydramine]], it's effects tend to be milder and, depending on the dosage, even pleasant. It has unique effects compared to other [[deliriants]]. It also has a long, smooth and enjoyable come-up, where the effects build in a similar manner to [[Cannabis]]. These are described below and generally include: | In comparison to [[datura]] or [[diphenhydramine]], it's effects tend to be milder and, depending on the dosage, even be considered pleasant and euphoric. It has unique effects compared to other [[deliriants]]. It also has a long, smooth and enjoyable come-up, where the effects build in a similar manner to [[Cannabis]]. These are described below and generally include: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' and '''[[Effect::Frequent urination]]''' - This can be described as a feeling of concrete blocking the urethra, painfully conflicting with a frequent need to urinate. | *'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' and '''[[Effect::Frequent urination]]''' - This can be described as a feeling of concrete blocking the urethra, painfully conflicting with a frequent need to urinate. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Perception of increased weight]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Perception of increased weight]]''' | ||