Deliriant: Difference between revisions

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[[File:deliriants.png|300px|right|thumb|''Deliriants by [[Anonymous]] [http://boards.420chan.org/deli/ DEL] user'' - This image represents the sinister [[external hallucination]]s commonly induced by deliriants.]]

'''Deliriants''' are a ~~class~~ of [[~~Hallucinogens|hallucinogen~~]] ~~that are~~ unique in that~~, even with lower doses,~~ they ~~offer~~ solid hallucinations which ~~display themselves~~ seamlessly into waking consciousness, similar to fully formed dreams or delusions. In contrast, classical [[~~psychedelic~~]]s and [[~~dissociative~~]]s have progressive levels of multiple all-encompassing sensory effects before reaching the level of concrete hallucination.

'''Deliriants''' are a subclass of [[hallucinogens]]. They display a unique property in that they easily produce solid hallucinations which integrate seamlessly into waking consciousness, similar to fully formed dreams or delusions. In contrast, classical [[psychedelics]] and [[dissociatives]] have progressive levels of multiple all-encompassing sensory effects before reaching the level of concrete hallucination.

The term deliriant was introduced by David F. Duncan and Robert S. Gold to distinguish these ~~drugs~~ from [[~~psychedelic~~]]s and [[~~dissociative~~]]~~s such as [[LSD]] and [[ketamine]] respectively~~, due to their primary effect of causing delirium, as opposed to the more lucid states produced by other types of [[~~hallucinogen~~]].<ref>Duncan, D. F., and Gold, R. S. (1982). Drugs and the Whole Person. New York: John Wiley & Sons</ref> The term is generally used to refer to anticholinergic drugs.

The term deliriant was introduced by David F. Duncan and Robert S. Gold to distinguish these substances from [[psychedelics]] and [[dissociatives]], due to their primary effect of causing delirium (as opposed to the more lucid states produced by other types of [[hallucinogens]]).<ref>Duncan, D. F., and Gold, R. S. (1982). Drugs and the Whole Person. New York: John Wiley & Sons</ref> The term is generally used to refer to anticholinergic drugs.

Despite the fully legal status of several common deliriant plants and ~~drugs~~, ~~substances which fall under this class~~ are ~~largely unpopular~~ as recreational ~~drugs~~ due to the severe and unpleasant nature of the hallucinations ~~produced~~.<ref>Grinspoon, Lester and Bakalar, James B. (1997). Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered. The Lindesmith Center</ref> In addition to their potentially dangerous mental effects (accidents during deliriant experiences are common),<ref>Datura Items | http://www.lycaeum.org/mv/mu/datura.html</ref> certain deliriants are poisonous and can cause death due to tachycardia-induced heart failure and hyperthermia even in small doses.<ref>Kathleen M Beaver, Thomas J Gavin, Treatment of acute anticholinergic poisoning with physostigmine, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 5, September 1998, Pages 505-507, ISSN 0735-6757, 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90003-1. (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675798900031</ref>

Despite the fully legal status of several common deliriant plants and substances, they are not popular as recreational substances due to the severe and unpleasant nature of the hallucinations they produce.<ref>Grinspoon, Lester and Bakalar, James B. (1997). Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered. The Lindesmith Center</ref>

In addition to their potentially dangerous mental effects (accidents during deliriant experiences are common),<ref>Datura Items | http://www.lycaeum.org/mv/mu/datura.html</ref> certain deliriants are poisonous and can cause death due to tachycardia-induced heart failure and hyperthermia even in small doses.<ref>Kathleen M Beaver, Thomas J Gavin, Treatment of acute anticholinergic poisoning with physostigmine, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 5, September 1998, Pages 505-507, ISSN 0735-6757, 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90003-1. (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675798900031</ref>

Use and experimentation with deliriants is generally discouraged due to their questionable safety profile. It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using these substances.

==Method of action==

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 [[File:deliriants.png|300px|right|thumb|''Deliriants by [[Anonymous]] [http://boards.420chan.org/deli/ DEL] user'' - This image represents the sinister [[external hallucination]]s commonly induced by deliriants.]]
-'''Deliriants''' are a class of [[Hallucinogens|hallucinogen]] that are unique in that, even with lower doses, they offer solid hallucinations which display themselves seamlessly into waking consciousness, similar to fully formed dreams or delusions. In contrast, classical [[psychedelic]]s and [[dissociative]]s have progressive levels of multiple all-encompassing sensory effects before reaching the level of concrete hallucination.
+'''Deliriants''' are a subclass of [[hallucinogens]]. They display a unique property in that they easily produce solid hallucinations which integrate seamlessly into waking consciousness, similar to fully formed dreams or delusions. In contrast, classical [[psychedelics]] and [[dissociatives]] have progressive levels of multiple all-encompassing sensory effects before reaching the level of concrete hallucination.
-The term deliriant was introduced by David F. Duncan and Robert S. Gold to distinguish these drugs from [[psychedelic]]s and [[dissociative]]s such as [[LSD]] and [[ketamine]] respectively, due to their primary effect of causing delirium, as opposed to the more lucid states produced by other types of [[hallucinogen]].<ref>Duncan, D. F., and Gold, R. S. (1982). Drugs and the Whole Person. New York: John Wiley & Sons</ref> The term is generally used to refer to anticholinergic drugs.
+The term deliriant was introduced by David F. Duncan and Robert S. Gold to distinguish these substances from [[psychedelics]] and [[dissociatives]], due to their primary effect of causing delirium (as opposed to the more lucid states produced by other types of [[hallucinogens]]).<ref>Duncan, D. F., and Gold, R. S. (1982). Drugs and the Whole Person. New York: John Wiley & Sons</ref> The term is generally used to refer to anticholinergic drugs.
-Despite the fully legal status of several common deliriant plants and drugs, substances which fall under this class are largely unpopular as recreational drugs due to the severe and unpleasant nature of the hallucinations produced.<ref>Grinspoon, Lester and Bakalar, James B. (1997). Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered. The Lindesmith Center</ref> In addition to their potentially dangerous mental effects (accidents during deliriant experiences are common),<ref>Datura Items | http://www.lycaeum.org/mv/mu/datura.html</ref> certain deliriants are poisonous and can cause death due to tachycardia-induced heart failure and hyperthermia even in small doses.<ref>Kathleen M Beaver, Thomas J Gavin, Treatment of acute anticholinergic poisoning with physostigmine, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 5, September 1998, Pages 505-507, ISSN 0735-6757, 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90003-1. (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675798900031</ref>
+Despite the fully legal status of several common deliriant plants and substances, they are not popular as recreational substances due to the severe and unpleasant nature of the hallucinations they produce.<ref>Grinspoon, Lester and Bakalar, James B. (1997). Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered. The Lindesmith Center</ref>
+In addition to their potentially dangerous mental effects (accidents during deliriant experiences are common),<ref>Datura Items | http://www.lycaeum.org/mv/mu/datura.html</ref> certain deliriants are poisonous and can cause death due to tachycardia-induced heart failure and hyperthermia even in small doses.<ref>Kathleen M Beaver, Thomas J Gavin, Treatment of acute anticholinergic poisoning with physostigmine, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 5, September 1998, Pages 505-507, ISSN 0735-6757, 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90003-1. (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675798900031</ref>
+Use and experimentation with deliriants is generally discouraged due to their questionable safety profile. It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using these substances.
 ==Method of action==