List of bufotoxins: Difference between revisions

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* [[5-MeO-DMT]]

** ''Bufo alvarius'' (Colorado River Toad)<ref name="5-Hydroxytryptamine and Related Indolealkylamines" />

==Risks==

In addition to bufotenin, ''Bufo'' secretions also contain digoxin-like cardiac glycosides, and ingestion of these toxins can be fatal. Ingestion of ''Bufo'' toad poison and eggs by humans has resulted in several reported cases of poisoning,<ref name=hitt>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hitt M, Ettinger DD | title = Toad toxicity | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 314 | issue = 23 | pages = 1517–1518 | date = June 1986 | pmid = 3702971 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM198606053142320 }}</ref><ref name=ragonesi>{{cite journal |author=Ragonesi DL |year=1990 |title=The boy who was all hopped up |journal=Contemporary Pediatrics |volume=7 |pages=91–4}}</ref><ref name=brubacher>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brubacher JR, Ravikumar PR, Bania T, Heller MB, Hoffman RS | title = Treatment of toad toxin poisoning with digoxin-specific Fab fragments | journal = Chest | volume = 110 | issue = 5 | pages = 1282–1288 | date = November 1996 | pmid = 8915235 | doi = 10.1378/chest.110.5.1282 }}</ref> some of which resulted in death. A court case in Spain, involving a physician who dosed people with smoked Mexican Toad poison, one of his customers died after inhaling three doses, instead of the usual of only one, had images of intoxicated with this smoke suffering obvious hypocalcemic hand muscular spasms.<ref name=brubacher/><ref name=godwa>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gowda RM, Cohen RA, Khan IA | title = Toad venom poisoning: resemblance to digoxin toxicity and therapeutic implications | journal = Heart | volume = 89 | issue = 4 | pages = 14e–14 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12639891 | pmc = 1769273 | doi = 10.1136/heart.89.4.e14 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Lever, Christopher |title=The Cane Toad: The History and Ecology of a Successful Colonist |publisher=Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-84103-006-7 }}</ref>

==References==

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 * [[5-MeO-DMT]]
 ** ''Bufo alvarius'' (Colorado River Toad)<ref name="5-Hydroxytryptamine and Related Indolealkylamines" />
+==Risks==
+In addition to bufotenin, ''Bufo'' secretions also contain digoxin-like cardiac glycosides, and ingestion of these toxins can be fatal. Ingestion of ''Bufo'' toad poison and eggs by humans has resulted in several reported cases of poisoning,<ref name=hitt>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hitt M, Ettinger DD | title = Toad toxicity | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 314 | issue = 23 | pages = 1517–1518 | date = June 1986 | pmid = 3702971 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM198606053142320 }}</ref><ref name=ragonesi>{{cite journal |author=Ragonesi DL |year=1990 |title=The boy who was all hopped up |journal=Contemporary Pediatrics |volume=7 |pages=91–4}}</ref><ref name=brubacher>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brubacher JR, Ravikumar PR, Bania T, Heller MB, Hoffman RS | title = Treatment of toad toxin poisoning with digoxin-specific Fab fragments | journal = Chest | volume = 110 | issue = 5 | pages = 1282–1288 | date = November 1996 | pmid = 8915235 | doi = 10.1378/chest.110.5.1282 }}</ref> some of which resulted in death. A court case in Spain, involving a physician who dosed people with smoked Mexican Toad poison, one of his customers died after inhaling three doses, instead of the usual of only one, had images of intoxicated with this smoke suffering obvious hypocalcemic hand muscular spasms.<ref name=brubacher/><ref name=godwa>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gowda RM, Cohen RA, Khan IA | title = Toad venom poisoning: resemblance to digoxin toxicity and therapeutic implications | journal = Heart | volume = 89 | issue = 4 | pages = 14e–14 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12639891 | pmc = 1769273 | doi = 10.1136/heart.89.4.e14 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Lever, Christopher |title=The Cane Toad: The History and Ecology of a Successful Colonist |publisher=Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-84103-006-7 }}</ref>
 ==References==