DMT: Difference between revisions - PsychonautWiki Archive

Line 25:

Since 1955, the substance has been found in a host of organisms: in at least fifty plant species belonging to ten families,<ref name="ott1994">{{cite book|title=Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangæan Entheogens|last=Ott|first=Jonathan|publisher=Natural Products|year=1994|isbn=978-0-9614234-5-2|edition=1st|location=Kennewick, WA, USA|pages=81–83|oclc=32895480}}</ref> and in at least four animal species, including one gorgonian<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|year=1978|title=Chemistry of Mediterranean gorgonians: simple indole derivatives from ''Paramuricea chamaeleon''|journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C|volume=61|issue=2|pages=361–2|doi=10.1016/0306-4492(78)90070-9|author1=Cimino G.|author2=De Stefano S.}}</ref> and three mammalian species.

==Chemistry==

[[File:Tryptamine1.png|thumb|right|245px|thumb|right||Substitutive structure of a tryptamine molecule]]

Line 40:

Line 38:

In addition to this, N,N-dimethyltryptamine is believed to be an endogenous ligand for the sigma receptor. However, the significance of the sigma-1 receptor remains the subject of ongoing scientific research.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fontanilla|first1=D.|last2=Johannessen|first2=M.|last3=Hajipour|first3=A. R.|last4=Cozzi|first4=N. V.|last5=Jackson|first5=M. B.|last6=Ruoho|first6=A. E.|title=The Hallucinogen ''N'',''N''-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Is an Endogenous Sigma-1 Receptor Regulator|year=2009|journal=Science|issn=0036-8075|eissn=1095-9203|oclc=1644869|volume=323|issue=5916|pages=934-937|doi=10.1126/science.1166127|pmid=19213917|pmc=2947205}}</ref>

=== Variety of DMT methods and routes of administration ===

DMT is probably the drug that presents one of the most wide and varied methodology when it comes to methods and routes of administration. The followings are all the different ways in which DMT can be consumed: <ref>https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=11514&#post11514</ref><ref>https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal06.shtml</ref><ref>https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/Ingestion_Methods</ref>

* '''"Short DMT trip" consumptions:'''

** Smoked/vaporized DMT crystals (from 10 to 60 mg; from 5 to 20 minutes)

** Intravenous injection of DMT crystals (from 4 to 20 mg; from 10 to 30 minutes)

** Smoked changa (dosage difficult to measure, recommended to follow smoked DMT dosage range; up to 35 minutes)

** Intramuscular injection of DMT crystals (up to 80 mg; up to 45 minutes)

* '''Ayahuasca and equivalent preparations consumptions:'''

** Oral ingestion of MHRB (''mimosa hostilis'' root bark) brew or plant material (up to 50 g of ~1.2% MHRB; up to 2.5 hours)<ref>https://www.erowid.org/plants/mimosa/mimosa_info2.shtml</ref>

** Oral ingestion of ayahuasca or equivalent preparations, either liquid brew or solid plant material:

*** Harmalas-containing plant, frequently ''baniseriopsis caapi'' or ''[[Peganum harmala|peganum harmala]]'' (amount of plant material with an equivalence of 120 to 180 mg; up to 50 minutes prior to the ingestion of the DMT-containing brew or plant material, or simultaneously with it)

*** DMT-containing plant, frequently ''[[Mimosa tenuiflora|mimosa hostilis]]'', ''acacia confusa'' or ''[[Psychotria viridis|psychotria viridis]]'' (amount of plant material with an equivalence of 35 to 90 mg; from 5 to 8 hours)

* '''"Long DMT trip" consumptions''' (for each: a co-administration through the same ROA of 70 to 120 mg of harmalas<ref>https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=10624&p=1</ref>; or an oral ingestion of either 120 to 180 mg of harmalas or an equivalent amount of harmalas-containing plant material; the latter from 70 to 30 minutes prior to the administration of DMT crystals):

** Rectal administration of DMT crystals (from 15 to 70 mg; from 4.5 to 7 hours)<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/DMT/comments/1726ldy/did_anyone_tried_dmt_boof/kol2qu0/?context=3</ref>

** Sublingual administration of DMT crystal (unknown dosage ranges, pressumed similar to those of rectal DMT; unknown duration)

** Intranasal administration of DMT crystal (unkown dosage ranges, pressumed similar to those of rectal DMT; unknown duration)

* '''Hypothetical "long DMT trip" consumptions''' (for each: an oral ingestion of either 120 to 180 mg of harmalas or an equivalent amount of harmalas-containing plant material):

** Smoked/vaporized DMT crystals (from 10 to 60 mg; unknown duration, pressumed higher than that of changa)

** Intravenous injection of DMT crystals (from 4 to 20 mg; unknown duration, assumed higher than that of intravenous DMT without prior harmalas ingestion)

** Intramuscular injection of DMT crystals (up to 80 mg; unknown duration, assumed higher than that of intramuscular DMT without prior harmalas ingestion)

==Subjective effects==

Line 47:

Line 67:

It is worth noting that many people report that smoked DMT is extremely clear-headed in its style and tends to produce less personal insight in comparison to orally active [[psychedelics]] such as [[ayahuasca]], [[LSD]] and [[psilocybin]] due to its short-acting nature.

An important detail that must be considered is that the majority of the following information about the effects that DMT can produce is extracted almost entirely from reports of smoked DMT. It's completely possible to induce a DMT trip with the co-ingestion of a MAOI but employing a different [[Routes of administration|ROA]] than oral (the latter reffered as [[ayahuasca]] or pharmahuasca), for example: [[rectal]], [[sublingual]] or [[intranasal]]. Such methods of consumption will allow the DMT to avoid passing through the liver and also inhibe the action of the MAO enzimes, leading to "long DMT trips" that can provide a series of effects that are distinct to those of smoked DMT but that also differ slightly from classical ayahuasca experiences.

{{effects/base

|{{effects/physical|

*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Neurogenesis]]'''<ref name="pmid=32989216" />

*'''[[Effect::~~Spontaneous bodily sensations~~]]''' ~~- The~~ "~~body high~~" of DMT can be described as a pleasurable all-encompassing glow. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. It is capable of becoming very powerful at higher doses and can remain for up to half an hour after the experience itself has ended.

*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

**'''[[Effect::Physical ~~euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably produced as it is with substances like [[stimulants~~]] ~~or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort for no apparent reason.~~

*'''[[Effect::Physical autonomy]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt gravity]]''' - At higher breakthrough doses, physical feelings of being launched across vast distances at incredibly high speeds are commonly reported.<ref name="strassman"></ref>

*'''[[Effect::Spatial disorientation]]'''<ref name="strassman">{{cite journal|last1=Strassman|first1=R. J.|last2=Qualls|first2=C. R.|last3=Uhlenhuth|first3=E. H.|last4=Kellner|first4=R.|title=Dose-response study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in humans. II. Subjective effects and preliminary results of a new rating scale|year=1994|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|issn=2168-622X|eissn=1538-3636|volume=51|issue=2|pages=98-108|pmid=8297217|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950020022002|url=http://www.maps.org/research-archive/w3pb/1994/1994_Strassman_22714_1.pdf}}</ref>

*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Physical autonomy]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' - This effect is much less common than it is with [[5-MeO-DMT]] as well as longer-lasting psychedelics like [[Psilocybin#Psilocybin-containing mushrooms|psilocybin mushrooms]] or [[mescaline]]. However, it can still manifest spontaneously and sometimes lead to sudden bouts of vomiting.

*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous bodily sensations]]''' - The "body high" of DMT can be described as a pleasurable all-encompassing glow. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. It is capable of becoming very powerful at higher doses and can remain after the experience itself has ended for up the same amount of time of the trip's entire duration.

*'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that, when smoking DMT, this effect is not as reliably produced as it is with substances like [[stimulants]] or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort for no apparent reason. However, this effect seems to be more consistent and long-lasting when a MAOI is used to prevent the renderization of DMT or to extend the duration of the experience and, ocasionally in such conditions, this effect can become as powerful as with opioids, in a fashion depicted as waves of feelings of warmth and relief invading the user's body.

*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt gravity]]''' - When smoking higher DMT breakthrough doses, physical feelings of being launched across vast distances at incredibly high speeds are commonly reported.<ref name="strassman"></ref>

*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' - This effect is much less common than it is with [[5-MeO-DMT]] as well as longer-lasting psychedelics like [[Psilocybin#Psilocybin-containing mushrooms|psilocybin mushrooms]] or [[mescaline]]. However, it can still manifest spontaneously and sometimes lead to sudden bouts of vomiting, particularly when a MAO inhibitor has been used to induce a "long DMT trip". Fasting during the previous hours to the experience or eating small portions (and preferently light foods) can prevent this effect.

*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is a very rare effect but is believed to happen in those who are predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished.

}}

{{effects/visual|

It has been proposed that DMT visual effects will increasingly show up during the come up of the experience but will reach a peak of hallucinations that can last about ten to twenty minutes after the experience started, and after that, despite the cognitive effects will still be in the peak, the visual effects seem to start fading slowly during the rest of the experience.

Since smoked DMT provides an experience that doesn't last more than half an hour, the visual effects disappear at the same time than the rest of the effects, but with rectally, sublingually or intranasally active DMT, the user can notice the slow decrease of visual effects even if they're experiencing an ego death.

====Enhancements====

Line 80:

Line 106:

*'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Colour tinting]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]''' and '''[[Effect::After images|after images]]''' - For most users, these are probably the most long-lasting visual effects of DMT, and can still be noticed even when towards the tail end of the entire experience.

*'''[[Effect::After images]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Recursion]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Scenery slicing]]'''

Line 90:

Line 115:

The visual geometry encountered can be described as more similar in appearance to that of [[psilocin]] than [[LSD]]. It can be comprehensively described through its [[Geometry#Variations|variations]] as intricate in complexity, abstract in form, equally organic and digital in feel, structured in organization, brightly lit, multicoloured in scheme, glossy in shading, equal in sharp and soft edges, large in size, fast in speed, smooth in motion, equal in rounded and angular corners, immersive in depth and consistent in its intensity. At higher doses, it is significantly more likely to result in states of [[Effect::8B Geometry|level 8B]] visual geometry over [[8A Geometry|level 8A]].

The geometry present with smokeable DMT is considered by many to be the most profoundly intricate and complex set of visual geometry found within the entirety of the [[psychedelic]] experience. In comparison to ~~orally active DMT (~~[[ayahuasca]]), it is significantly more digital in appearance and contains a colour scheme which is similar to [[LSD]] and a structured style that resembles a high dose of [[psilocin]] ('''4-HO-DMT''').

The geometry present with smokeable DMT is considered by many to be the most profoundly intricate and complex set of visual geometry found within the entirety of the [[psychedelic]] experience. In comparison to [[ayahuasca]] (or other forms of active DMT), it is significantly more digital in appearance and contains a colour scheme which is similar to [[LSD]] and a structured style that resembles a high dose of [[psilocin]] ('''4-HO-DMT''').

====Hallucinatory states====

Line 101:

Line 126:

}}

~~|{{effects/cognitive|~~

*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Déjà vu]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Ego replacement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Euthymia]]''' - This effect manifests itself acutely for all classical psychedelics when one to three doses are combined with a psychotherapy treatment program. When comparing meta analyses, psychedelic psychotherapy greatly outperforms "gold standard" treatments for several mental health problems.

*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]

*'''[[Effect::Feelings of impending doom]]'''<ref name="strassman" />

*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' - This typically occurs only at lower sub-breakthrough doses, and is not as prominent of an effect as it is with longer lasting psychedelics like [[LSD]] or [[psilocybin]]. Many people prefer to have their DMT experiences in complete silence, other than shutting out perceptual distractions this is often done to prevent a muddled or overwhelming experience.

*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]'''

**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Mindfulness]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the individual has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, to a sense of presence and sensitivity towards one's inner sensations as well as outer environment.

*'''[[Effect::Multiple thought streams]]''' - This effect tends to manifest in a much more chaotic fashion, in tandem with the sensation of cognitive overload.

*'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Rejuvenation]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the subject has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, often in Near-Death Experience (NDE) variants of a DMT experience.

*'''[[Effect::Autonomous voice communication]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - This effect is a very prominent aspect of the DMT experience, which only tends to last under 15 minutes but is commonly reported to subjectively feel as if it had lasted much longer, in some cases "many lifetimes" or even an "eternity". This particular effect is most prevalent and notable with [[DMT#Progressive stages|"breakthrough" experiences]].<ref name="strassman" />

}}

{{effects/auditory|

Line 134:

Line 139:

*'''[[Effect::Synaesthesia]]''' - In its fullest manifestation, this is a very rare and non-reproducible effect. Increasing the dosage can increase the likelihood of this occurring, but seems to only be a prominent part of the experience among those who are already predisposed to synaesthetic states.

}}|{{effects/cognitive|

*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]''' - Anxiety seems to manifest more consistently with DMT in comparison to other psychedelics like [[LSD]] or [[psylocibin]] and it's oftenly present during the come up phase, fading off while the user enters the peak. This effect may be related to the drug's capacity to produce high levels of memory suppression given that the feeling itself is oftenly described as if one's consciousness is losing touch with reality or that the mind is being ripped apart. In very high doses the user may suffer the percepton that is being driven to insanity against their will, getting disintegrated or even fall into the not uncommon delusion that is dying. The practice of grounding exercises can help the user to deal with this effect.

*'''[[Effect::Feelings of impending doom]]'''<ref name="strassman" /> - While this effect can be manifested during the experience itself -particularly during the come up-, it's extremely common for nervousness, anxiety or fear to be suffered minutes, hours or sometimes even days prior to the experience. This effect is described as if the user is about to face, alone, an inminent danger, and depending on the set and setting, the level of experience and how often the user "trips", this effect can vary from mild to overwhelming, which can lead to the user's decision to delay or decline the consumption of the drug. It's discouraged to users to make use of anxyolitic drugs to inhibe this effect since the experience can be significantly "numbed", making the user to regret such decision.

*'''[[Effect::Déjà vu]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]''' - Delusions can be presented alongside [[personal meaning intensification]], and are common among inexperienced users, who may be not completely aware that this is an effect on itself and not necessarily a strict implication that feeling a connection or implication of any kind means that there is actually one.

*'''[[Effect::Ego replacement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]''' - While smoking DMT doesn't present this effect with enough consistency, the co-consumption of a MAOI will lead to a prolonged "trip" in which the user can experience common emotions in an intensified fashion, and even if so called negative emotions such as sadness or melancholy can appear during the experience -depending on the set, setting and background context-, it's common for the experience to still be defined as "pleasant" since such emotions often produce [[catharsis]] and can be properly dealt through [[personal bias suppression]].

*'''[[Effect::Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This effect differs from MDMA and other [[entactogens]] in that it isn't as central to the experience and it's mainly presented during "long DMT trips" where the user consumed the drug alongside a MAO inhibitor. It feels more natural and less forced, and is experienced predominantly during the come down or after the experience ended.

*'''[[Effect::Euthymia]]''' - This effect manifests itself acutely for all classical psychedelics when one to three doses are combined with a psychotherapy treatment program. In case of DMT, euthymia has a slightly higher ocurrence when a [[MAOI]] is added to the ingestion. When comparing meta analyses, psychedelic psychotherapy greatly outperforms "gold standard" treatments for several mental health problems.

*'''[[Effect::Catharsis]]''' - While smoking DMT doesn't provide a long enough experience to process trauma or difficult situations while under the influence of the drug, the co-consumption of a MAOI alongside the non-oral DMT will extend the experience duration and some users that have been going through certain traumatic backgrounds can experience a process of "healing" and "letting go" in a very similar manner to [[ayahuasca]].

*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement|Analysis]]''', '''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement|creativity]]''' and '''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement|immersion]]''' enhancements - While smoking DMT can produce these enhancements, these are not as noticeable as with "long DMT trips", given that such experiences will last long enough for the user to get involved in activities where the effects can be much more appreciated. In these situations, these effects are similar to those of [[LSD]], [[psylocibin]] or [[ayahuasca]].

*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' - When applied a "long trip" method, DMT can induce this effect with one of the highest consistencies among other psychedelics. It's commonly reported that, when the peak starts transitioning into the come down of the experience, feelings of bliss, fulfillment and appreciation will become central to the experience. Sometimes and depending on the set and setting, this effect can be accompanied by an [[existencial self-realization]] and/or feelings of [[unity and interconnectedness]], which occasionally can lead to the user to a trascendental experience, even if the peak itself of the whole experience has already passed.

*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' - When DMT is smoked or vaporized, this effect typically occurs only at sub-breakthrough doses, and many people prefer to have their DMT experiences in complete silence to prevent a muddled or overwhelming experience. On the other side, when a MAOI is added and DMT is administred rectally, sublingually or intranasally, this effect can become as prominent as with [[LSD]] or [[psilocybin]] and sometimes will be central to the experience, especially during the come down.

*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]'''

**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Mindfulness]]''' - Mindfulness tends to occur after the experience has ended and the individual has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, to a sense of presence and sensitivity towards one's inner sensations as well as outer environment. This effect can last significantly longer once the experience has ended if the user went through a "long DMT trip" by using a [[MAOI]] to extend the experience's duration.

*'''[[Effect::Multiple thought streams]]''' - This effect tends to manifest in a much more chaotic fashion, in tandem with the sensation of cognitive overload.

*'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]''' - With DMT, this effect is percieved as a sensation of mental refreshment. The user becomes sensitive towards elements of the environment that in other conditions would be defined as trivial, common or boring, such as the blue color of the sky, the texture of a blanket or a joke told by someone else.

*'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Suggestibility enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Rejuvenation]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the subject has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, often in Near-Death Experience (NDE) variants of a DMT experience.

*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' and '''[[Effect::Decreased libido|decreased libido]]''' - Despite the fact that both effects are commonly referred as physical effects, "long DMT trips" are capable to leave the user in a status of overall satisfaction and contentment, thus decreasing any urge to eat or take part in sexual activities, even if the user is perfectly capable of doing so in physical terms. This effect, alongside [[mindfulness]] is one of the common effects of the afterglow and it has been reported to last for several days or weeks even.

*'''[[Effect::Autonomous voice communication]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]'''

*Thought '''[[Effect::Thought acceleration|acceleration]]''', '''[[Effect::Thought connectivity|connectivity]]''' and '''[[Effect::Thought organization|organization]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - When smoking, this particular effect is most prevalent and notable with [[DMT#Progressive stages|"breakthrough" experiences]].<ref name="strassman" />, and only tends to last under fifteen minutes but is commonly reported to subjectively feel as if it had lasted much longer, in some cases "many lifetimes" or even an "eternity". On the other hand, during "long DMT trips", while the user can still experience an "eternal" breakthrough experience, after the peak ends and the user enters the comedown, they can still feel that time is passing slower than usual; this effect is related to other effects like [[analysis enhancement]] and [[immersion enhancement]].

*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]''' - The administration of DMT with a MAOI can extend the effects for long enough to suppress the user's urge to sleep.

}}

Line 141:

Line 175:

*'''[[Effect::Spirituality enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]''' - This effect makes the everyday instant assumptions such as being alive or having loved ones around to be reprocessed, making the user more aware of their own situation and leading to feelings of gratitude.

*'''[[Effect::Near-death experience]]'''<ref name="NDE frontiersin" /><ref name="pmid30711788" />

*'''[[Effect::Perception of eternalism]]'''

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 Since 1955, the substance has been found in a host of organisms: in at least fifty plant species belonging to ten families,<ref name="ott1994">{{cite book|title=Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangæan Entheogens|last=Ott|first=Jonathan|publisher=Natural Products|year=1994|isbn=978-0-9614234-5-2|edition=1st|location=Kennewick, WA, USA|pages=81–83|oclc=32895480}}</ref> and in at least four animal species, including one gorgonian<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|year=1978|title=Chemistry of Mediterranean gorgonians: simple indole derivatives from ''Paramuricea chamaeleon''|journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C|volume=61|issue=2|pages=361–2|doi=10.1016/0306-4492(78)90070-9|author1=Cimino G.|author2=De Stefano S.}}</ref> and three mammalian species.
 ==Chemistry==
 [[File:Tryptamine1.png|thumb|right|245px|thumb|right||Substitutive structure of a tryptamine molecule]]
@@ Line 40: / Line 38: @@
 In addition to this, N,N-dimethyltryptamine is believed to be an endogenous ligand for the sigma receptor. However, the significance of the sigma-1 receptor remains the subject of ongoing scientific research.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fontanilla|first1=D.|last2=Johannessen|first2=M.|last3=Hajipour|first3=A. R.|last4=Cozzi|first4=N. V.|last5=Jackson|first5=M. B.|last6=Ruoho|first6=A. E.|title=The Hallucinogen ''N'',''N''-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Is an Endogenous Sigma-1 Receptor Regulator|year=2009|journal=Science|issn=0036-8075|eissn=1095-9203|oclc=1644869|volume=323|issue=5916|pages=934-937|doi=10.1126/science.1166127|pmid=19213917|pmc=2947205}}</ref>
+=== Variety of DMT methods and routes of administration ===
+DMT is probably the drug that presents one of the most wide and varied methodology when it comes to methods and routes of administration. The followings are all the different ways in which DMT can be consumed: <ref>https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=11514&#post11514</ref><ref>https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal06.shtml</ref><ref>https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/Ingestion_Methods</ref>
+* '''"Short DMT trip" consumptions:'''
+** Smoked/vaporized DMT crystals (from 10 to 60 mg; from 5 to 20 minutes)
+** Intravenous injection of DMT crystals (from 4 to 20 mg; from 10 to 30 minutes)
+** Smoked changa (dosage difficult to measure, recommended to follow smoked DMT dosage range; up to 35 minutes)
+** Intramuscular injection of DMT crystals (up to 80 mg; up to 45 minutes)
+* '''Ayahuasca and equivalent preparations consumptions:'''
+** Oral ingestion of MHRB (''mimosa hostilis'' root bark) brew or plant material (up to 50 g of ~1.2% MHRB; up to 2.5 hours)<ref>https://www.erowid.org/plants/mimosa/mimosa_info2.shtml</ref>
+** Oral ingestion of ayahuasca or equivalent preparations, either liquid brew or solid plant material:
+*** Harmalas-containing plant, frequently ''baniseriopsis caapi'' or ''[[Peganum harmala|peganum harmala]]'' (amount of plant material with an equivalence of 120 to 180 mg; up to 50 minutes prior to the ingestion of the DMT-containing brew or plant material, or simultaneously with it)
+*** DMT-containing plant, frequently ''[[Mimosa tenuiflora|mimosa hostilis]]'', ''acacia confusa'' or ''[[Psychotria viridis|psychotria viridis]]'' (amount of plant material with an equivalence of 35 to 90 mg; from 5 to 8 hours)
+* '''"Long DMT trip" consumptions''' (for each: a co-administration through the same ROA of 70 to 120 mg of harmalas<ref>https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=10624&p=1</ref>; or an oral ingestion of either 120 to 180 mg of harmalas or an equivalent amount of harmalas-containing plant material; the latter from 70 to 30 minutes prior to the administration of DMT crystals):
+** Rectal administration of DMT crystals (from 15 to 70 mg; from 4.5 to 7 hours)<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/DMT/comments/1726ldy/did_anyone_tried_dmt_boof/kol2qu0/?context=3</ref>
+** Sublingual administration of DMT crystal (unknown dosage ranges, pressumed similar to those of rectal DMT; unknown duration)
+** Intranasal administration of DMT crystal (unkown dosage ranges, pressumed similar to those of rectal DMT; unknown duration)
+* '''Hypothetical "long DMT trip" consumptions''' (for each: an oral ingestion of either 120 to 180 mg of harmalas or an equivalent amount of harmalas-containing plant material):
+** Smoked/vaporized DMT crystals (from 10 to 60 mg; unknown duration, pressumed higher than that of changa)
+** Intravenous injection of DMT crystals (from 4 to 20 mg; unknown duration, assumed higher than that of intravenous DMT without prior harmalas ingestion)
+** Intramuscular injection of DMT crystals (up to 80 mg; unknown duration, assumed higher than that of intramuscular DMT without prior harmalas ingestion)
 ==Subjective effects==
@@ Line 47: / Line 67: @@
 It is worth noting that many people report that smoked DMT is extremely clear-headed in its style and tends to produce less personal insight in comparison to orally active [[psychedelics]] such as [[ayahuasca]], [[LSD]] and [[psilocybin]] due to its short-acting nature.
+An important detail that must be considered is that the majority of the following information about the effects that DMT can produce is extracted almost entirely from reports of smoked DMT. It's completely possible to induce a DMT trip with the co-ingestion of a MAOI but employing a different [[Routes of administration|ROA]] than oral (the latter reffered as [[ayahuasca]] or pharmahuasca), for example: [[rectal]], [[sublingual]] or [[intranasal]]. Such methods of consumption will allow the DMT to avoid passing through the liver and also inhibe the action of the MAO enzimes, leading to "long DMT trips" that can provide a series of effects that are distinct to those of smoked DMT but that also differ slightly from classical ayahuasca experiences.
 {{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
 {{effects/base
 |{{effects/physical|
+*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
+*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
 *'''[[Effect::Neurogenesis]]'''<ref name="pmid=32989216" />
-*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous bodily sensations]]''' - The "body high" of DMT can be described as a pleasurable all-encompassing glow. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. It is capable of becoming very powerful at higher doses and can remain for up to half an hour after the experience itself has ended.
+*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
-**'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably produced as it is with substances like [[stimulants]] or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort for no apparent reason.
+*'''[[Effect::Physical autonomy]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt gravity]]''' - At higher breakthrough doses, physical feelings of being launched across vast distances at incredibly high speeds are commonly reported.<ref name="strassman"></ref>
 *'''[[Effect::Spatial disorientation]]'''<ref name="strassman">{{cite journal|last1=Strassman|first1=R. J.|last2=Qualls|first2=C. R.|last3=Uhlenhuth|first3=E. H.|last4=Kellner|first4=R.|title=Dose-response study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in humans. II. Subjective effects and preliminary results of a new rating scale|year=1994|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|issn=2168-622X|eissn=1538-3636|volume=51|issue=2|pages=98-108|pmid=8297217|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950020022002|url=http://www.maps.org/research-archive/w3pb/1994/1994_Strassman_22714_1.pdf}}</ref>
-*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
-*'''[[Effect::Physical autonomy]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' - This effect is much less common than it is with [[5-MeO-DMT]] as well as longer-lasting psychedelics like [[Psilocybin#Psilocybin-containing mushrooms|psilocybin mushrooms]] or [[mescaline]]. However, it can still manifest spontaneously and sometimes lead to sudden bouts of vomiting.
-*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
-*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
 *'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous bodily sensations]]''' - The "body high" of DMT can be described as a pleasurable all-encompassing glow. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. It is capable of becoming very powerful at higher doses and can remain after the experience itself has ended for up the same amount of time of the trip's entire duration.
+*'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that, when smoking DMT, this effect is not as reliably produced as it is with substances like [[stimulants]] or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort for no apparent reason. However, this effect seems to be more consistent and long-lasting when a MAOI is used to prevent the renderization of DMT or to extend the duration of the experience and, ocasionally in such conditions, this effect can become as powerful as with opioids, in a fashion depicted as waves of feelings of warmth and relief invading the user's body.
+*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt gravity]]''' - When smoking higher DMT breakthrough doses, physical feelings of being launched across vast distances at incredibly high speeds are commonly reported.<ref name="strassman"></ref>
+*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' - This effect is much less common than it is with [[5-MeO-DMT]] as well as longer-lasting psychedelics like [[Psilocybin#Psilocybin-containing mushrooms|psilocybin mushrooms]] or [[mescaline]]. However, it can still manifest spontaneously and sometimes lead to sudden bouts of vomiting, particularly when a MAO inhibitor has been used to induce a "long DMT trip". Fasting during the previous hours to the experience or eating small portions (and preferently light foods) can prevent this effect.
 *'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is a very rare effect but is believed to happen in those who are predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished.
 }}
 {{effects/visual|
+It has been proposed that DMT visual effects will increasingly show up during the come up of the experience but will reach a peak of hallucinations that can last about ten to twenty minutes after the experience started, and after that, despite the cognitive effects will still be in the peak, the visual effects seem to start fading slowly during the rest of the experience.
+Since smoked DMT provides an experience that doesn't last more than half an hour, the visual effects disappear at the same time than the rest of the effects, but with rectally, sublingually or intranasally active DMT, the user can notice the slow decrease of visual effects even if they're experiencing an ego death.
 ====Enhancements====
@@ Line 80: / Line 106: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Colour tinting]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]''' and '''[[Effect::After images|after images]]''' - For most users, these are probably the most long-lasting visual effects of DMT, and can still be noticed even when towards the tail end of the entire experience.
-*'''[[Effect::After images]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Recursion]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Scenery slicing]]'''
@@ Line 90: / Line 115: @@
 The visual geometry encountered can be described as more similar in appearance to that of [[psilocin]] than [[LSD]]. It can be comprehensively described through its [[Geometry#Variations|variations]] as intricate in complexity, abstract in form, equally organic and digital in feel, structured in organization, brightly lit, multicoloured in scheme, glossy in shading, equal in sharp and soft edges, large in size, fast in speed, smooth in motion, equal in rounded and angular corners, immersive in depth and consistent in its intensity. At higher doses, it is significantly more likely to result in states of [[Effect::8B Geometry|level 8B]] visual geometry over [[8A Geometry|level 8A]].
-The geometry present with smokeable DMT is considered by many to be the most profoundly intricate and complex set of visual geometry found within the entirety of the [[psychedelic]] experience. In comparison to orally active DMT ([[ayahuasca]]), it is significantly more digital in appearance and contains a colour scheme which is similar to [[LSD]] and a structured style that resembles a high dose of [[psilocin]] ('''4-HO-DMT''').
+The geometry present with smokeable DMT is considered by many to be the most profoundly intricate and complex set of visual geometry found within the entirety of the [[psychedelic]] experience. In comparison to [[ayahuasca]] (or other forms of active DMT), it is significantly more digital in appearance and contains a colour scheme which is similar to [[LSD]] and a structured style that resembles a high dose of [[psilocin]] ('''4-HO-DMT''').
 ====Hallucinatory states====
@@ Line 101: / Line 126: @@
 }}
-|{{effects/cognitive|
-*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Déjà vu]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Ego replacement]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Euthymia]]''' - This effect manifests itself acutely for all classical psychedelics when one to three doses are combined with a psychotherapy treatment program. When comparing meta analyses, psychedelic psychotherapy greatly outperforms "gold standard" treatments for several mental health problems.
-*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]
-*'''[[Effect::Feelings of impending doom]]'''<ref name="strassman" />
-*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' - This typically occurs only at lower sub-breakthrough doses, and is not as prominent of an effect as it is with longer lasting psychedelics like [[LSD]] or [[psilocybin]]. Many people prefer to have their DMT experiences in complete silence, other than shutting out perceptual distractions this is often done to prevent a muddled or overwhelming experience.
-*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]'''
-**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Mindfulness]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the individual has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, to a sense of presence and sensitivity towards one's inner sensations as well as outer environment.
-*'''[[Effect::Multiple thought streams]]''' - This effect tends to manifest in a much more chaotic fashion, in tandem with the sensation of cognitive overload.
-*'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Rejuvenation]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the subject has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, often in Near-Death Experience (NDE) variants of a DMT experience.
-*'''[[Effect::Autonomous voice communication]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - This effect is a very prominent aspect of the DMT experience, which only tends to last under 15 minutes but is commonly reported to subjectively feel as if it had lasted much longer, in some cases "many lifetimes" or even an "eternity". This particular effect is most prevalent and notable with [[DMT#Progressive stages|"breakthrough" experiences]].<ref name="strassman" />
-}}
+<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
 {{effects/auditory|
@@ Line 134: / Line 139: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Synaesthesia]]''' - In its fullest manifestation, this is a very rare and non-reproducible effect. Increasing the dosage can increase the likelihood of this occurring, but seems to only be a prominent part of the experience among those who are already predisposed to synaesthetic states.
+}}|{{effects/cognitive|
+*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]''' - Anxiety seems to manifest more consistently with DMT in comparison to other psychedelics like [[LSD]] or [[psylocibin]] and it's oftenly present during the come up phase, fading off while the user enters the peak. This effect may be related to the drug's capacity to produce high levels of memory suppression given that the feeling itself is oftenly described as if one's consciousness is losing touch with reality or that the mind is being ripped apart. In very high doses the user may suffer the percepton that is being driven to insanity against their will, getting disintegrated or even fall into the not uncommon delusion that is dying. The practice of grounding exercises can help the user to deal with this effect.
+*'''[[Effect::Feelings of impending doom]]'''<ref name="strassman" /> - While this effect can be manifested during the experience itself -particularly during the come up-, it's extremely common for nervousness, anxiety or fear to be suffered minutes, hours or sometimes even days prior to the experience. This effect is described as if the user is about to face, alone, an inminent danger, and depending on the set and setting, the level of experience and how often the user "trips", this effect can vary from mild to overwhelming, which can lead to the user's decision to delay or decline the consumption of the drug. It's discouraged to users to make use of anxyolitic drugs to inhibe this effect since the experience can be significantly "numbed", making the user to regret such decision.
+*'''[[Effect::Déjà vu]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]''' - Delusions can be presented alongside [[personal meaning intensification]], and are common among inexperienced users, who may be not completely aware that this is an effect on itself and not necessarily a strict implication that feeling a connection or implication of any kind means that there is actually one.
+*'''[[Effect::Ego replacement]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]''' - While smoking DMT doesn't present this effect with enough consistency, the co-consumption of a MAOI will lead to a prolonged "trip" in which the user can experience common emotions in an intensified fashion, and even if so called negative emotions such as sadness or melancholy can appear during the experience -depending on the set, setting and background context-, it's common for the experience to still be defined as "pleasant" since such emotions often produce [[catharsis]] and can be properly dealt through [[personal bias suppression]].
+*'''[[Effect::Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This effect differs from MDMA and other [[entactogens]] in that it isn't as central to the experience and it's mainly presented during "long DMT trips" where the user consumed the drug alongside a MAO inhibitor. It feels more natural and less forced, and is experienced predominantly during the come down or after the experience ended.
+*'''[[Effect::Euthymia]]''' - This effect manifests itself acutely for all classical psychedelics when one to three doses are combined with a psychotherapy treatment program. In case of DMT, euthymia has a slightly higher ocurrence when a [[MAOI]] is added to the ingestion. When comparing meta analyses, psychedelic psychotherapy greatly outperforms "gold standard" treatments for several mental health problems.
+*'''[[Effect::Catharsis]]''' - While smoking DMT doesn't provide a long enough experience to process trauma or difficult situations while under the influence of the drug, the co-consumption of a MAOI alongside the non-oral DMT will extend the experience duration and some users that have been going through certain traumatic backgrounds can experience a process of "healing" and "letting go" in a very similar manner to [[ayahuasca]].
+*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement|Analysis]]''', '''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement|creativity]]''' and '''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement|immersion]]''' enhancements - While smoking DMT can produce these enhancements, these are not as noticeable as with "long DMT trips", given that such experiences will last long enough for the user to get involved in activities where the effects can be much more appreciated. In these situations, these effects are similar to those of [[LSD]], [[psylocibin]] or [[ayahuasca]].
+*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' - When applied a "long trip" method, DMT can induce this effect with one of the highest consistencies among other psychedelics. It's commonly reported that, when the peak starts transitioning into the come down of the experience, feelings of bliss, fulfillment and appreciation will become central to the experience. Sometimes and depending on the set and setting, this effect can be accompanied by an [[existencial self-realization]] and/or feelings of [[unity and interconnectedness]], which occasionally can lead to the user to a trascendental experience, even if the peak itself of the whole experience has already passed.
+*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' - When DMT is smoked or vaporized, this effect typically occurs only at sub-breakthrough doses, and many people prefer to have their DMT experiences in complete silence to prevent a muddled or overwhelming experience. On the other side, when a MAOI is added and DMT is administred rectally, sublingually or intranasally, this effect can become as prominent as with [[LSD]] or [[psilocybin]] and sometimes will be central to the experience, especially during the come down.
+*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]'''
+**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Mindfulness]]''' - Mindfulness tends to occur after the experience has ended and the individual has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, to a sense of presence and sensitivity towards one's inner sensations as well as outer environment. This effect can last significantly longer once the experience has ended if the user went through a "long DMT trip" by using a [[MAOI]] to extend the experience's duration.
+*'''[[Effect::Multiple thought streams]]''' - This effect tends to manifest in a much more chaotic fashion, in tandem with the sensation of cognitive overload.
+*'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]''' - With DMT, this effect is percieved as a sensation of mental refreshment. The user becomes sensitive towards elements of the environment that in other conditions would be defined as trivial, common or boring, such as the blue color of the sky, the texture of a blanket or a joke told by someone else.
+*'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Suggestibility enhancement]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Rejuvenation]]''' - This effect tends to occur after the experience has ended and the subject has returned to ordinary waking consciousness, often in Near-Death Experience (NDE) variants of a DMT experience.
+*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' and '''[[Effect::Decreased libido|decreased libido]]''' - Despite the fact that both effects are commonly referred as physical effects, "long DMT trips" are capable to leave the user in a status of overall satisfaction and contentment, thus decreasing any urge to eat or take part in sexual activities, even if the user is perfectly capable of doing so in physical terms. This effect, alongside [[mindfulness]] is one of the common effects of the afterglow and it has been reported to last for several days or weeks even.
+*'''[[Effect::Autonomous voice communication]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]'''
+*Thought '''[[Effect::Thought acceleration|acceleration]]''', '''[[Effect::Thought connectivity|connectivity]]''' and '''[[Effect::Thought organization|organization]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - When smoking, this particular effect is most prevalent and notable with [[DMT#Progressive stages|"breakthrough" experiences]].<ref name="strassman" />, and only tends to last under fifteen minutes but is commonly reported to subjectively feel as if it had lasted much longer, in some cases "many lifetimes" or even an "eternity". On the other hand, during "long DMT trips", while the user can still experience an "eternal" breakthrough experience, after the peak ends and the user enters the comedown, they can still feel that time is passing slower than usual; this effect is related to other effects like [[analysis enhancement]] and [[immersion enhancement]].
+*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]''' - The administration of DMT with a MAOI can extend the effects for long enough to suppress the user's urge to sleep.
 }}
@@ Line 141: / Line 175: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Spirituality enhancement]]'''
-*'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]'''
+*'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]''' - This effect makes the everyday instant assumptions such as being alive or having loved ones around to be reprocessed, making the user more aware of their own situation and leading to feelings of gratitude.
 *'''[[Effect::Near-death experience]]'''<ref name="NDE frontiersin" /><ref name="pmid30711788" />
 *'''[[Effect::Perception of eternalism]]'''