Talk:Clozapine: Difference between revisions

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'''Clozapine''' (trade names '''Clozaril''' and '''FazaClo''') is an atypical antipsychotic medication that is used to treat severe schizophrenia. However, it only applies to those that have not responded to other medications (studies demonstrated that clozapine was more effective against treatment-resistant schizophrenia than other antipsychotics). Therefore, it is a drug of last resort (DoLR).

|-

| ''[[Clozapine~~/Summary|Summary sheet: Clozapine]]~~''

Clozapine may also be used to help reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies in people with schizophrenia or similar disorders (acute delirium, bipolar disorder, extreme cases of anxiety). Clozapine was first synthesized in 1958 by Wander AG, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, based on the chemical structure of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine.

~~Clozapine~~ (trade names '''Clozaril''' and '''FazaClo''') is an atypical antipsychotic medication that is used to treat severe schizophrenia. However, it only applies to those that have not responded to other medications (studies demonstrated that clozapine was more effective against treatment-resistant schizophrenia than other antipsychotics). Therefore, it is a drug of last resort (DoLR). Clozapine may also be used to help reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies in people with schizophrenia or similar disorders (acute delirium, bipolar disorder, extreme cases of anxiety). Clozapine was first synthesized in 1958 by Wander AG, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, based on the chemical structure of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine.

==Chemistry==

Clozapine is a ~~tricylic~~ dibenzodiazepine classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds to several types of central nervous system receptors and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a [[serotonin]] antagonist, with strong binding to the 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtypes. It also displays strong affinity to several [[dopamine|dopaminergic]] receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agranulocytosis Agranulocytosis] is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.

Clozapine is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine.

==Pharmacology==

Cloazapine classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds to several types of central nervous system receptors and displays a unique pharmacological profile. It is a [[serotonin]] antagonist, with strong binding to the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor subtypes.

It also displays a strong affinity to several [[dopamine|dopaminergic]] receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, which is commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agranulocytosis Agranulocytosis] (severely low white blood cell count) is a major adverse effect associated with the administration of this agent.

==Subjective effects==

~~'''~~{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}~~'''~~

{{effects/base

~~===Physical===~~

|{{effects/physical|

*'''[[Effect::Itchiness]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Constipation]]'''

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*'''[[Effect::Headaches]]'''

~~===Cognitive===~~

}}

|{{effects/cognitive|

*'''[[Effect::Sleepiness]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Delusions]]'''

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*'''[[Effect::Confusion]]'''*

*'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]'''

}}

===Experience reports===

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]] include:

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Additional experience reports can be found here:

* https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Clozapine_.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: Clozapine]

==~~Legal issues~~==

==Legality==

*'''United States:''' Clozapine is not a controlled substance, but is a prescription-only medicine. Bloodwork for a condition called agranulocytosis is often done for safety before prescribing.

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 {{headerpanel|{{stub}} {{proofread}}}}
+{{SummarySheet}}
 {{SubstanceBox/Clozapine}}
-{|
-|-
+'''Clozapine''' (trade names '''Clozaril''' and '''FazaClo''') is an atypical antipsychotic medication that is used to treat severe schizophrenia. However, it only applies to those that have not responded to other medications (studies demonstrated that clozapine was more effective against treatment-resistant schizophrenia than other antipsychotics). Therefore, it is a drug of last resort (DoLR).
-|-
-| ''[[Clozapine/Summary|Summary sheet: Clozapine]]''
+Clozapine may also be used to help reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies in people with schizophrenia or similar disorders (acute delirium, bipolar disorder, extreme cases of anxiety). Clozapine was first synthesized in 1958 by Wander AG, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, based on the chemical structure of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine.
-Clozapine (trade names '''Clozaril''' and '''FazaClo''') is an atypical antipsychotic medication that is used to treat severe schizophrenia. However, it only applies to those that have not responded to other medications (studies demonstrated that clozapine was more effective against treatment-resistant schizophrenia than other antipsychotics). Therefore, it is a drug of last resort (DoLR). Clozapine may also be used to help reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies in people with schizophrenia or similar disorders (acute delirium, bipolar disorder, extreme cases of anxiety). Clozapine was first synthesized in 1958 by Wander AG, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, based on the chemical structure of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine.
 ==Chemistry==
-Clozapine is a tricylic dibenzodiazepine classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds to several types of central nervous system receptors and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a [[serotonin]] antagonist, with strong binding to the 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtypes. It also displays strong affinity to several [[dopamine|dopaminergic]] receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agranulocytosis Agranulocytosis] is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.
+{{chemistry}}
+Clozapine is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine.
+==Pharmacology==
+Cloazapine classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds to several types of central nervous system receptors and displays a unique pharmacological profile. It is a [[serotonin]] antagonist, with strong binding to the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor subtypes.
+It also displays a strong affinity to several [[dopamine|dopaminergic]] receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, which is commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity.
+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agranulocytosis Agranulocytosis] (severely low white blood cell count) is a major adverse effect associated with the administration of this agent.
 ==Subjective  effects==
 {{effectStub}}
-'''{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}'''
+{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
+{{effects/base
-===Physical===
+|{{effects/physical|
 *'''[[Effect::Itchiness]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Constipation]]'''
@@ Line 36: / Line 41: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Headaches]]'''
-===Cognitive===
+}}
+|{{effects/cognitive|
 *'''[[Effect::Sleepiness]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Delusions]]'''
@@ Line 44: / Line 50: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Confusion]]'''*
 *'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]'''
+}}
+}}
 ===Experience reports===
 Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]] include:
@@ Line 49: / Line 57: @@
 Additional experience reports can be found here:
 * https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Clozapine_.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: Clozapine]
-==Legal issues==
+==Legality==
 {{LegalStub}}
 *'''United States:''' Clozapine is not a controlled substance, but is a prescription-only medicine. Bloodwork for a condition called agranulocytosis is often done for safety before prescribing.