This is an unofficial archive of PsychonautWiki as of 2025-08-08T03:33:20Z. Content on this page may be outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. Please refer to the original page for the most up-to-date information.
Research chemicals: Difference between revisions
>BronzeManul m Corrected 'ug' units to 'μg'. |
>Unity Grammatics |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
The safety profile of research chemicals is generally unknown due to a lack of medical studies. There is little to no information on the toxicity, negative health risks, long-term side effects, or lethal dosage of these chemicals, which make their use | The safety profile of research chemicals is generally unknown due to a lack of medical studies. There is little to no information on the toxicity, negative health risks, long-term side effects, or lethal dosage of these chemicals, which make their use riskier than the use of more common, well-studied substances. It is for this reason that taking these chemicals for extended periods of time, binging on them, and taking excessive doses is strongly discouraged. | ||
In terms of known risk factors, common issues for research chemicals include | In terms of known risk factors, common issues for research chemicals include the mislabeling, misidentification, and misrepresentation of products; the adulteration of other compounds; and issues of purity.<ref name="erowid">Experimental & Research Chemicals (Synthetic Drugs, Novel Psychoactive Substances, New Psychoactive Substances, NPS, Replacement Psychoactives) (Erowid) | https://www.erowid.org/psychoactives/research_chems/</ref> | ||
Combining research chemicals presents a risk due to the lack of research and understanding of their pharmacological and toxicological effects. For example, if a research chemical has [[MAOI]] effects (like 2C-T-7), this could make it dangerous to combine it with other [[MAOI]]s, [[stimulant]]s and certain substances which release [[serotonin]] or [[dopamine]]. It is recommended to avoid blends or branded products if the active psychoactive compounds are not listed on the labeling.<ref name="tripsit">Research Chemicals (Tripsit) | https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Research_Chemicals</ref> | |||
Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried research chemicals within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying research chemicals at low to moderate doses by themselves and using them sparingly, | Several fatal overdoses have occurred due to [[Bromo-DragonFLY]] accidentally being mislabelled by online vendors as both [[2C-B-FLY]]<ref name="2cbfly">Information on Reported Deaths Related to 2C-B-FLY Misidentified Substance is Most Likely Bromo-dragonfly by the Erowid Crew v1.6 - Nov 9, 2009 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2cb_fly/2cb_fly_death1.shtml</ref> and [[2C-E]].<ref name="2ce">Bromo-Dragonfly Fatalities / Deaths by Erowid | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_death.shtml</ref><ref name="2ce2">Second Victim Dies After Taking Designer Drug In Konawa | http://www.newson6.com/story/14641463/second-victim-dies-after-taking-designer-drug-in-konawa</ref> The former is active in the 200-800μg range and is significantly more potent than 2C-E. | ||
Situations like this can be avoided by dosing a minuscule amount of a drug (roughly 0.5 milligrams) and waiting for several hours. This is known as an "allergy test". It is recommended to do this for all new batches of substances. | |||
Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried research chemicals within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying research chemicals at low to moderate doses by themselves and using them sparingly. However, nothing can be guaranteed. For example, in one extreme case, the research chemical [[MPPP]] was found in some cases to contain an impurity called [[MPTP]], which caused brain damage that resulted in a syndrome identical to Parkinson's disease from only a single dose.<ref name="faq"></ref> | |||
===Pharmacological deaths=== | ===Pharmacological deaths=== | ||
Pharmacological deaths are fatalities caused by the direct action of the chemical in the body and do not include deaths as a result of inebriated behavior. The content below is | Pharmacological deaths are fatalities caused by the direct action of the chemical in the body and do not include deaths as a result of inebriated behavior. The content below is an incomplete list. | ||
====Synthetic cannabinoids==== | ====Synthetic cannabinoids==== | ||
*'''[[MDMB-FUBINACA]]''' - MDMB-FUBINACA has gained a reputation as the most deadly synthetic cannabinoid drug sold to date.<ref>Identification and analytical characteristics of synthetic cannabinoids with an indazole-3-carboxamide structure bearing a N-1-methoxycarbonylalkyl group. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25893797</ref> At least 1000 hospitalisations and 40 deaths have been linked to this drug in media and government reports as of March 2015.<ref>25 killed, over 700 hospitalized: Cheap ‘Spice’ designer drug causes severe poisoning across Russia | https://www.rt.com/news/193700-russia-spice-deadly-drug</ref><ref>"Clinical presentations of intoxication by new psychoactive compound MDMB(N)-Bz-F. Thesis of The II Scientific and Practical Seminar 'Methodical, Organizational and Law Problems of Chemical and Toxicological Laboratories of Narcological Services', Moscow" (in Russian). | http://www.narkotiki.ru/objects/narkotiki02/1414709242.ppt</ref> | *'''[[MDMB-FUBINACA]]''' - MDMB-FUBINACA has gained a reputation as the most deadly synthetic cannabinoid drug sold to date.<ref>Identification and analytical characteristics of synthetic cannabinoids with an indazole-3-carboxamide structure bearing a N-1-methoxycarbonylalkyl group. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25893797</ref> At least 1000 hospitalisations and 40 deaths have been linked to this drug in media and government reports as of March 2015.<ref>25 killed, over 700 hospitalized: Cheap ‘Spice’ designer drug causes severe poisoning across Russia | https://www.rt.com/news/193700-russia-spice-deadly-drug</ref><ref>"Clinical presentations of intoxication by new psychoactive compound MDMB(N)-Bz-F. Thesis of The II Scientific and Practical Seminar 'Methodical, Organizational and Law Problems of Chemical and Toxicological Laboratories of Narcological Services', Moscow" (in Russian). | http://www.narkotiki.ru/objects/narkotiki02/1414709242.ppt</ref> | ||
====Psychedelics==== | ====Psychedelics==== | ||
*'''[[AMT]]''' - Deaths from AMT are rare<ref name="amt">AMT (Alphamethyltryptamine, IT-290) Fatalities / Deaths by Erowid | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/amt/amt_death.shtml</ref><ref name="amt2">Boland DM, Andollo W, Hime GW, Hearn WL. “Fatality due to acute alpha-methyltryptamine intoxication”. J Anal Toxicol. 2005 Jul-Aug;29(5):394-7. | https://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=6603</ref> | *'''[[AMT]]''' - Deaths from AMT are rare.<ref name="amt">AMT (Alphamethyltryptamine, IT-290) Fatalities / Deaths by Erowid | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/amt/amt_death.shtml</ref><ref name="amt2">Boland DM, Andollo W, Hime GW, Hearn WL. “Fatality due to acute alpha-methyltryptamine intoxication”. J Anal Toxicol. 2005 Jul-Aug;29(5):394-7. | https://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=6603</ref> But as a powerful [[monoamine]] [[reuptake inhibitor]] (MRI), injury could occur when excessive doses are taken or when it is taken with drugs such as [[MAOIs]], [[RIMA]]s, [[stimulant]]s and any substance which act as a [[releasing agent]] or [[reuptake inhibitor]] of [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[serotonin]] and [[dopamine]].<ref>Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity | http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/content/95/4/434</ref> | ||
*'''[[DOC]]''' - There is one reported death from DOC, however, the toxicology report hasn't been released nor has the presence of DOC been confirmed.<ref>DOC (2,5-Dimethoxy-ChloroAmphetamine) Fatalities / Deaths by Erowid | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/doc/doc_death.shtml</ref> | *'''[[DOC]]''' - There is one reported death from DOC, however, the toxicology report hasn't been released nor has the presence of DOC been confirmed.<ref>DOC (2,5-Dimethoxy-ChloroAmphetamine) Fatalities / Deaths by Erowid | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/doc/doc_death.shtml</ref> | ||
*'''[[2C-T-7]]''' - There have been at least three reported deaths related to 2C-T-7 use at insufflated (nasal) doses of 30 mg or more<ref name="T7one">A Reported 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid July 2003 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death1.shtml</ref><ref name="T7two">Second Reported 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid Apr 2, 2001 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death2.shtml</ref> or combined with stimulants such as [[MDMA]].<ref name="T73">Third Confirmed 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid Apr 10, 2001 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death3.shtml</ref> It is not recommended to [[Routes of administration#Insufflation|insufflate]] (snort) this drug or combine it with [[MAOI]]s, [[stimulant]]s and certain substances which releases [[serotonin]] or [[dopamine]] because 2C-T-7 may possibly have [[MAOI]] effects.<ref>Sulfur-Substituted α-Alkyl Phenethylamines as Selective and Reversible MAO-A Inhibitors: Biological Activities, CoMFA Analysis, and Active Site Modeling | http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm0493109</ref> | *'''[[2C-T-7]]''' - There have been at least three reported deaths related to 2C-T-7 use at insufflated (nasal) doses of 30 mg or more<ref name="T7one">A Reported 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid July 2003 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death1.shtml</ref><ref name="T7two">Second Reported 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid Apr 2, 2001 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death2.shtml</ref> or combined with stimulants such as [[MDMA]].<ref name="T73">Third Confirmed 2C-T-7 Death by Erowid Apr 10, 2001 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ct7/2ct7_death3.shtml</ref> It is not recommended to [[Routes of administration#Insufflation|insufflate]] (snort) this drug or combine it with [[MAOI]]s, [[stimulant]]s and certain substances which releases [[serotonin]] or [[dopamine]] because 2C-T-7 may possibly have [[MAOI]] effects.<ref>Sulfur-Substituted α-Alkyl Phenethylamines as Selective and Reversible MAO-A Inhibitors: Biological Activities, CoMFA Analysis, and Active Site Modeling | http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm0493109</ref> | ||