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Talk:N-Methyl-Cyclazodone: Difference between revisions
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==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
N-Methyl-Cyclazodone is an approximately 4x - 6x more potent N,N-methylcyclopropyl derivative of [[pemoline]]. Pemoline is considered to be [[dopamine|dopaminergic]], but its precise method of action has not been fully determined.<ref>"Cylert (Pemoline)" (PDF). FDA. December 2002.</ref> Pemoline has minimal affinity for [[noradrenaline]] receptors and thus has minimal sympathomimetic side effects compared with typical dopaminergic central nervous system stimulants such as methylphenidate and [[Isomer|dextro]]-amphetamine. | N-Methyl-Cyclazodone is an approximately 4x - 6x more potent N,N-methylcyclopropyl derivative of [[pemoline]]. Pemoline is considered to be [[dopamine|dopaminergic]], but its precise method of action has not been fully determined.<ref>"Cylert (Pemoline)" (PDF). FDA. December 2002.</ref> Pemoline has minimal affinity for [[noradrenaline]] receptors and thus has minimal sympathomimetic side effects compared with typical dopaminergic central nervous system stimulants such as methylphenidate and [[Isomer|dextro]]-amphetamine. | ||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
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==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
The toxicity and long-term health effects of | The toxicity and long-term health effects of N-methyl-cyclazodone use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because N-methyl-cyclazodone has a very limited history of human usage. | ||
Another compound related in structure, [[4-methylaminorex]], is associated with pulmonary hypertension<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11083709</ref>; though, it is reported to induce far stronger stimulation than that of cyclazodone. | Another compound related in structure, [[4-methylaminorex]], is associated with pulmonary hypertension<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11083709</ref>; though, it is reported to induce far stronger stimulation than that of N-methyl-cyclazodone. | ||
The structurally related compound pemoline was removed from the market after it was found to cause liver damage in children.<ref>Marotta, P. J., & Roberts, E. A. (1998). Pemoline hepatotoxicity in children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 132(5), 894-897.</ref> | The structurally related compound pemoline was removed from the market after it was found to cause liver damage in children.<ref>Marotta, P. J., & Roberts, E. A. (1998). Pemoline hepatotoxicity in children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 132(5), 894-897.</ref> | ||
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Addiction is a serious risk with heavy recreational stimulant use but is unlikely to arise from typical long-term medical use at therapeutic doses. Notably, the structurally related compound pemoline fails to demonstrate a potential for self-administration in primates and is considered to have reduced risk of dependence relative to those more typical dopaminergic stimulants. Caution is nonetheless advised, as with other monoamine [[releasing agent]]s. | Addiction is a serious risk with heavy recreational stimulant use but is unlikely to arise from typical long-term medical use at therapeutic doses. Notably, the structurally related compound pemoline fails to demonstrate a potential for self-administration in primates and is considered to have reduced risk of dependence relative to those more typical dopaminergic stimulants. Caution is nonetheless advised, as with other monoamine [[releasing agent]]s. | ||
Tolerance to many of the effects of cyclazodone [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). | Tolerance to many of the effects of N-methyl-cyclazodone [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). N-methyl-cyclazodone presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of N-methyl-cyclazodone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect. | ||
===Psychosis=== | ===Psychosis=== | ||
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==Legal status== | ==Legal status== | ||
N-methyl-cyclazodone is currently a gray area compound within all parts of the world, meaning its regulation lies in a legal gray area and that it is not known to be specifically illegal (''"scheduled"'') within any country. However, people may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with intent to sell or consume. It is a banned stimulant under the World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited list. | |||
*'''Germany''': | *'''Germany''': N-methyl-cyclazodone is not a controlled substance under the BtMG (''Narcotics Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/BJNR106810981.html|title=Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz - BtMG)|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 28, 2019|language=de}}</ref> or the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/BJNR261510016.html|title=Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (NpSG)|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 28, 2019|language=de}}</ref> According to §2 AMG (''Medicines Act'') it would fall under the definition of a medicine because it induces pharmacological effect.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/__2.html|title=§ 2 AMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 28, 2019|language=de}}</ref> By a decision of the European Court of Justice, this definition was declared ineffective because it was not compatible with EU law.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lto.de/recht/hintergruende/h/eugh-urteil-c35813-c18114-legal-highs-kein-arzneimittel-strafbar-amg-btmg/|title= Cannabinoide Kräutermischungen vor dem EuGH: Legal Highs bleiben legal|publisher=LTO|author=Prof. Dr. Helmut Pollähne|trans-title=Cannabinoid herbal mixtures at the ECJ: Legal highs stay legal|date=July 11, 2014|access-date=December 28, 2019|language=de}}</ref> Cyclazodone can be considered legal. | ||
*'''Switzerland''': | *'''Switzerland''': N-methyl-cyclazodone is not controlled under Buchstabe A, B, C and D. It could be considered legal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> | ||
*'''United States''': | *'''United States''': N-methyl-cyclazodone being an analogue of [[pemoline]], a Schedule IV controlled substance in the US, may fall under Federal Analogue Act, 21 U.S.C. § 813<ref>https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/813</ref> when intended for human consumption. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
==Literature== | ==Literature== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||