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Personal meaning intensification: Difference between revisions
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<onlyinclude>'''Personal meaning | <onlyinclude> | ||
'''Personal meaning intensification''' (also known as '''aberrant salience''') is defined as the experience of a considerably increased sense of personal significance becoming attributed to innocuous situations, and coincidences.<ref name="CorlettHoney2006">{{cite journal|last1=Corlett|first1=Philip R.|last2=Honey|first2=Garry D.|last3=Aitken|first3=Michael R. F.|last4=Dickinson|first4=Anthony|last5=Shanks|first5=David R.|last6=Absalom|first6=Anthony R.|last7=Lee|first7=Michael|last8=Pomarol-Clotet|first8=Edith|last9=Murray|first9=Graham K.|last10=McKenna|first10=Peter J.|last11=Robbins|first11=Trevor W.|last12=Bullmore|first12=Edward T.|last13=Fletcher|first13=Paul C.|title=Frontal Responses During Learning Predict Vulnerability to the Psychotogenic Effects of Ketamine|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=63|issue=6|year=2006|pages=611|issn=0003-990X|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.63.6.611}}</ref><ref name="PrellerHerdener2017">{{cite journal|last1=Preller|first1=Katrin H.|last2=Herdener|first2=Marcus|last3=Pokorny|first3=Thomas|last4=Planzer|first4=Amanda|last5=Kraehenmann|first5=Rainer|last6=Stämpfli|first6=Philipp|last7=Liechti|first7=Matthias E.|last8=Seifritz|first8=Erich|last9=Vollenweider|first9=Franz X.|title=The Fabric of Meaning and Subjective Effects in LSD-Induced States Depend on Serotonin 2A Receptor Activation|journal=Current Biology|volume=27|issue=3|year=2017|pages=451–457|issn=09609822|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.030}}</ref><ref name="Carhart-HarrisMuthukumaraswamy2016">{{cite journal|last1=Carhart-Harris|first1=Robin L.|last2=Muthukumaraswamy|first2=Suresh|last3=Roseman|first3=Leor|last4=Kaelen|first4=Mendel|last5=Droog|first5=Wouter|last6=Murphy|first6=Kevin|last7=Tagliazucchi|first7=Enzo|last8=Schenberg|first8=Eduardo E.|last9=Nest|first9=Timothy|last10=Orban|first10=Csaba|last11=Leech|first11=Robert|last12=Williams|first12=Luke T.|last13=Williams|first13=Tim M.|last14=Bolstridge|first14=Mark|last15=Sessa|first15=Ben|last16=McGonigle|first16=John|last17=Sereno|first17=Martin I.|last18=Nichols|first18=David|last19=Hellyer|first19=Peter J.|last20=Hobden|first20=Peter|last21=Evans|first21=John|last22=Singh|first22=Krish D.|last23=Wise|first23=Richard G.|last24=Curran|first24=H. Valerie|last25=Feilding|first25=Amanda|last26=Nutt|first26=David J.|title=Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=113|issue=17|year=2016|pages=4853–4858|issn=0027-8424|doi=10.1073/pnas.1518377113}}</ref><ref name="Kapur2003">{{cite journal|last1=Kapur|first1=Shitij|title=Psychosis as a State of Aberrant Salience: A Framework Linking Biology, Phenomenology, and Pharmacology in Schizophrenia|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=160|issue=1|year=2003|pages=13–23|issn=0002-953X|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13}}</ref><ref name="MurrayMorrison2007">{{cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Robin M.|last2=Morrison|first2=Paul D.|last3=Henquet|first3=Cécile|last4=Forti|first4=Marta Di|title=Cannabis, the mind and society: the hash realities|journal=Nature Reviews Neuroscience|volume=8|issue=11|year=2007|pages=885–895|issn=1471-003X|doi=10.1038/nrn2253}}</ref> Trivial observations not usually noticed may seem connected, and a subjective state of "seeing solutions" might evolve to one of seeing problems, ultimately arriving at a full-fledged paranoid psychosis.<ref name="Bowers1966">{{cite journal|last1=Bowers|first1=Malcolm B.|title="Psychedelic" Experiences in Acute Psychoses|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=15|issue=3|year=1966|pages=240|issn=0003-990X|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.1966.01730150016003}}</ref> For example, one may feel that the lyrics of a song or events in a film directly relate to their life in a meaningful and distinct manner that is not usually felt during everyday sobriety. This feeling can continue to occur even when it is rationally understood that the external stimuli does not genuinely relate to the person experiencing it in such a direct manner. | |||
At its highest level, this effect will often synergize with [[delusions]] in a manner which can result in one genuinely believing that innocuous events are directly related to them.<ref name="CorlettHoney2006" /> For example, one may begin to believe that the plot of a film is about their life or that a song was written for them. This phenomenon is well established within psychiatry and is commonly known as a "[[Delusions#Themes|delusion of reference]]."<ref name="ChaudhuryKiran2009">{{cite journal|last1=Chaudhury|first1=Suprakash|last2=Kiran|first2=Chandra|title=Understanding delusions|journal=Industrial Psychiatry Journal|volume=18|issue=1|year=2009|pages=3|issn=0972-6748|doi=10.4103/0972-6748.57851}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Glossary of Technical Terms|journal=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.)|year=2013|pages=819|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.GlossaryofTechnicalTerms}}</ref> | At its highest level, this effect will often synergize with [[delusions]] in a manner which can result in one genuinely believing that innocuous events are directly related to them.<ref name="CorlettHoney2006" /> For example, one may begin to believe that the plot of a film is about their life or that a song was written for them. This phenomenon is well established within psychiatry and is commonly known as a "[[Delusions#Themes|delusion of reference]]."<ref name="ChaudhuryKiran2009">{{cite journal|last1=Chaudhury|first1=Suprakash|last2=Kiran|first2=Chandra|title=Understanding delusions|journal=Industrial Psychiatry Journal|volume=18|issue=1|year=2009|pages=3|issn=0972-6748|doi=10.4103/0972-6748.57851}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Glossary of Technical Terms|journal=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.)|year=2013|pages=819|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.GlossaryofTechnicalTerms}}</ref> | ||
</onlyinclude> | </onlyinclude> | ||
Personal meaning | Personal meaning intensification is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogen|hallucinogenic]] compounds, such as [[psychedelic|psychedelics]],<ref name="PrellerHerdener2017" /><ref name="Carhart-HarrisMuthukumaraswamy2016" /> [[dissociative|dissociatives]],<ref name="CorlettHoney2006" /> [[cannabinoid|cannabinoids]],<ref name="MurrayMorrison2007" /> and [[deliriant|deliriants]]. However, it can also occur under the influence of [[sleep deprivation]] and [[stimulant psychosis]].<ref name="Bowers1966" /> | ||
===Psychoactive substances=== | ===Psychoactive substances=== | ||
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Personal meaning enhancement]]|format=ul|Columns=1}} | {{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Personal meaning enhancement]]|format=ul|Columns=1}} | ||
===Experience reports=== | |||
Annectdotal reports which describe this effect with our [[experience index]] include: | |||
{{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::Personal meaning enhancement]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | |||
===See also=== | ===See also=== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Subjective effects index]] | *[[Subjective effects index]] | ||
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*[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | *[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | ||
*[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | *[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | ||
===External links=== | ===External links=== | ||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia Apophenia (Wikipedia)] | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia Apophenia (Wikipedia)] | |||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Cognitive]] | [[Category:Cognitive]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Intensification]] | ||
[[Category:Effect]] | [[Category:Effect]] | ||