This is an unofficial archive of PsychonautWiki as of 2025-08-08T03:33:20Z. Content on this page may be outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. Please refer to the original page for the most up-to-date information.
1cP-LSD: Difference between revisions
>LockPicker m experience report listing |
>Larnaca fix accidental reversion |
||
| (88 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SummarySheet}} | {{SummarySheet}} | ||
{{SubstanceBox/1cP-LSD}} | {{SubstanceBox/1cP-LSD}} | ||
'''1-Cyclopropionyl-''d''-lysergic acid diethylamide''' (known as '''1cP-LSD''') is a novel | '''1-Cyclopropionyl-''d''-lysergic acid diethylamide''' (also known as '''1cP-LSD''') is a lesser-known novel [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[Chemical class::lysergamide]] class. It is structurally related to [[LSD]] and other LSD analogs like [[1B-LSD]], [[ALD-52]], and [[1P-LSD]]. It is suspected to produce its effects by binding to [[serotonin]] [[receptors]] in the brain; however, its precise mechanism is not known.<ref name="Brandt2020">{{cite journal|title=Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1‐cyclopropanoyl‐d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP‐LSD)|first1=Simon D.|last1=Brandt|first2=Pierce V.|last2=Kavanagh|first3=Folker|last3=Westphal|first4=Alexander|last4=Stratford|first5=Anna U.|last5=Odland|first6=Adam K.|last6=Klein|first7=Geraldine|last7=Dowling|first8=Nicola M.|last8=Dempster|first9=Jason|last9=Wallach|first10=Torsten|last10=Passie|first11=Adam L.|last11=Halberstadt|date=March 16, 2020|doi=10.1002/dta.2789|volume=12|issue=6|journal=Drug Testing and Analysis|pages=812-826|eissn=1942-7611|issn=1942-7603|oclc=231680670|pmid=32180350}}</ref> | ||
The origins of 1cP-LSD are not well-documented. Following 1P-LSD's prohibition in Germany, 1cP-LSD appeared on the online [[research chemical]] market in 2019.{{citation needed}} Like other LSD analogs, it was marketed as a legal alternative to LSD and 1P-LSD. | |||
[[Subjective effects]] include [[geometry|open and closed eye visuals]], [[time distortion]], [[conceptual thinking]], [[introspection|enhanced introspection]], [[euphoria]], and [[ego loss]]. A study found that incubation of 1cP‐LSD with human serum led to the formation of LSD, indicating that it may act as a [[prodrug]] for LSD.<ref name="Brandt2020"></ref> Anecdotal reports appear to support with this theory, with most users reporting near-identical effects as LSD. It has been reported to have a more gradual come up, along with mildly smoother cognitive and physical effects compared to LSD. | |||
It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance. | Limited data exist on the pharmacology, metabolism, and toxicity of 1cP-LSD. While it is presumed to have a [[LSD#Toxicity and harm potential|similar risk profile as LSD]] and its analogs, which are generally thought to be safe in controlled settings, reliable scientific data is lacking. It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance. | ||
==History and culture== | ==History and culture== | ||
Although formal documentation does not appear to have been published, 1cP-LSD was first discovered and synthesized in the Netherlands somewhere in 2015. It first appeared on the online research chemical market in July that same year.<ref>{{cite web|title=1cP-LSD|publisher=Google Trends|access-date=July 14, 2020|url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=1cp-lsd}}</ref> | |||
1cP-LSD first appeared on the online research chemical market in July | |||
1cP-LSD was released shortly after the prohibition of 1P-LSD in Germany. It is part of a larger series of designer LSD analogs that have appeared on the research chemical market since the mid-2010s. These include [[AL-LAD]], [[ETH-LAD]], and [[ALD-52]]. In July 2021, Germany banned 1cP-LSD, and immediately thereafter [[1V-LSD]] appeared on the market as its replacement.{{citation needed}} | |||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
1cP-LSD is a semisynthetic compound of the [[lysergamide]] family. It is similar to [[LSD]] and is named for the cyclopropionyl group bound to the nitrogen of the polycyclic indole group of LSD. The cyclopropionyl group consists of a carbonyl ring with the chemical formula C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> bound to an amino group. | 1cP-LSD is a semisynthetic compound of the [[lysergamide]] family. It is similar to [[LSD]] and is named for the cyclopropionyl group bound to the nitrogen of the polycyclic indole group of LSD. The cyclopropionyl group consists of a carbonyl ring with the chemical formula C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> bound to an amino group. | ||
The structure of 1cP-LSD contains a polycyclic group featuring a bicyclic hexahydro indole bound to a bicyclic quinoline group. At carbon 8 of the quinoline, an N,N-diethyl carboxamide is bound. | The structure of 1cP-LSD contains a polycyclic group featuring a bicyclic hexahydro indole bound to a bicyclic quinoline group. At carbon 8 of the quinoline, an N,N-diethyl carboxamide is bound. | ||
The properties of the substance 1cP-LSD are described as almost identical to those of the classic LSD 25 and 1P-LSD. However, an alkylcarbonyl group has the empirical formula C4H7O, whereas the cyclopropylcarbonyl group corresponds to a molecular formula of C4H5O. Accordingly, one can not call the cyclopropyl as alkyl radical and thus the substance 1cP-LSD is not affected by the NpSG amending Regulation. | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 25: | ||
Based on its structural similarity to LSD, 1cP-LSD likely acts as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]] at the [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] receptor. | Based on its structural similarity to LSD, 1cP-LSD likely acts as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]] at the [[Serotonin#The_5-HT_system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>]] receptor. | ||
The [[psychedelic]] effects are thought to primarily come from its efficacy at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors distributed throughout the brain. 1cP-LSD also likely displays binding activity at a wide range of [[monoamine]] receptors, such as those for [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]]. However, there is currently no data to support these claims. | The [[psychedelic]] effects are thought to primarily come from its efficacy at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors distributed throughout the brain. 1cP-LSD also likely displays binding activity at a wide range of [[monoamine]] receptors, such as those for [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]]. However, there is currently no data to support these claims. | ||
Owing to its structural similarity to LSD, the following claims may be hypothesized: most serotonergic psychedelics are not significantly dopaminergic, and 1cP-LSD is therefore assumed to be atypical in this regard. Any agonist activity at the D<sub>2</sub> receptor may contribute to its psychoactive effects in humans.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Marona-Lewicka, D.)), ((Thisted, R. A.)), ((Nichols, D. E.)) | journal=Psychopharmacology | title=Distinct temporal phases in the behavioral pharmacology of LSD: dopamine D2 receptor-mediated effects in the rat and implications for psychosis | volume=180 | issue=3 | pages=427–435 | date= July 2005 | issn=0033-3158 | doi=10.1007/s00213-005-2183-9}}</ref> Additionally, 1cP-LSD likely binds to most serotonin receptor subtypes except for the 5-HT<sub>3</sub> and 5-HT<sub>4</sub> receptors. However, most of these receptors are affected at too low affinity to be sufficiently activated by the brain concentration of approximately 10–20 nM.<ref name="Nichols2004">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Nichols, D. E.)) | journal=Pharmacology & Therapeutics | title=Hallucinogens | volume=101 | issue=2 | pages=131–181 | date= February 2004 | url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0163725803001657 | issn=01637258 | doi=10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.11.002}}</ref> Recreational doses likely can affect 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>, 5-HT<sub>2A</sub>, 5-HT<sub>2B</sub>, 5-HT<sub>2C</sub>, 5-HT<sub>5A</sub> [in cloned rat tissues]), and 5-HT<sub>6</sub> receptors. | |||
1cP-LSD is likely to be a biased agonist that induces a conformation in serotonin receptors that preferentially recruits β-arrestin over activating G proteins.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Chen, Q.)), ((Tesmer, J. J. G.)) | journal=Cell | title=A Receptor on Acid | volume=168 | issue=3 | pages=339–341 | date= January 2017 | url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867417300600 | issn=00928674 | doi=10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.012}}</ref> A crystal structure of 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> bound to 1cP-LSD reveals an extracellular loop that forms a lid over the diethylamide end of the binding cavity which explains the slow rate of unbinding from serotonin receptors.<ref>{{Citation | vauthors=((University of North Carolina Health Care)) | year=2017 | title=This is LSD attached to a brain cell serotonin receptor (Update) | url=https://phys.org/news/2017-01-lsd-brain-cell-serotonin-receptor.html}}</ref> | |||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
| Line 111: | Line 113: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]''' | ||
**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]''' | **'''[[Effect::Ego death]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Ego replacement]]''' | |||
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Thought disorganization]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Thought disorganization]]''' | ||
| Line 116: | Line 119: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Addiction suppression]]''' | |||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 144: | Line 148: | ||
*'''[[Cannabis]]''' - Cannabis strongly intensifies the sensory and cognitive effects of 1cP-LSD. Extreme caution is advised when using this combination as it can significantly increase the chances of a negative psychological reaction like [[anxiety]], [[confusion]] and [[psychosis]]. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their usual cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid over intake. | *'''[[Cannabis]]''' - Cannabis strongly intensifies the sensory and cognitive effects of 1cP-LSD. Extreme caution is advised when using this combination as it can significantly increase the chances of a negative psychological reaction like [[anxiety]], [[confusion]] and [[psychosis]]. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their usual cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid over intake. | ||
*'''[[Dissociatives]]''' - 1cP-LSD enhances the cognitive, visual and general hallucinatory effects of dissociatives. Dissociative-induced [[Visual_disconnection#Holes.2C_spaces_and_voids|holes, spaces, and voids]] and [[internal hallucinations]] become more vivid and intense on 1cP-LSD. These effects correspond with an increased risk of [[confusion]], [[delusions]], and [[psychosis]]. | *'''[[Dissociatives]]''' - 1cP-LSD enhances the cognitive, visual and general hallucinatory effects of dissociatives. Dissociative-induced [[Visual_disconnection#Holes.2C_spaces_and_voids|holes, spaces, and voids]] and [[internal hallucinations]] become more vivid and intense on 1cP-LSD. These effects correspond with an increased risk of [[confusion]], [[delusions]], and [[psychosis]]. | ||
*'''[[MDMA]]''' - 1cP-LSD and MDMA are highly synergistic and mutually enhance each other's physical, cognitive, and visual effects. The synergy between these substances is unpredictable, and it is advised to start with markedly lower doses than one would take for each individually. There is some evidence that suggests LSD increases the neurotoxicity of MDMA, which may be relevant to 1cP-LSD as well.<ref>Armstrong, B. D., Paik, E., Chhith, S., Lelievre, V., Waschek, J. A., | *'''[[MDMA]]''' - 1cP-LSD and MDMA are highly synergistic and mutually enhance each other's physical, cognitive, and visual effects. The synergy between these substances is unpredictable, and it is advised to start with markedly lower doses than one would take for each individually. There is some evidence that suggests LSD increases the neurotoxicity of MDMA, which may be relevant to 1cP-LSD as well.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Armstrong, B. D.)), ((Paik, E.)), ((Chhith, S.)), ((Lelievre, V.)), ((Waschek, J. A.)), ((Howard, S. G.)) | journal=Neuroscience Research Communications | title=Potentiation of (DL)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced toxicity by the serotonin 2A receptior partial agonist d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and the protection of same by the serotonin 2A/2C receptor antagonist MDL 11,939 | volume=35 | issue=2 | pages=83–95 | date= September 2004 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nrc.20023 | issn=0893-6609 | doi=10.1002/nrc.20023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Gudelsky, G. A.)), ((Yamamoto, B. K.)), ((Frank Nash, J.)) | journal=European Journal of Pharmacology | title=Potentiation of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced dopamine release and serotonin neurotoxicity by 5-HT2 receptor agonists | volume=264 | issue=3 | pages=325–330 | date= November 1994 | url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014299994906696 | issn=00142999 | doi=10.1016/0014-2999(94)90669-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Capela, J. P.)), ((Fernandes, E.)), ((Remião, F.)), ((Bastos, M. L.)), ((Meisel, A.)), ((Carvalho, F.)) | journal=Neurotoxicology | title=Ecstasy induces apoptosis via 5-HT(2A)-receptor stimulation in cortical neurons | volume=28 | issue=4 | pages=868–875 | date= July 2007 | issn=0161-813X | doi=10.1016/j.neuro.2007.04.005}}</ref> | ||
===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
| Line 150: | Line 154: | ||
{{#ask: [[Category:1cP-LSD]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}} | {{#ask: [[Category:1cP-LSD]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}} | ||
Additional experience reports can be found here: | Additional experience reports can be found here: | ||
* [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_SUBSTANCE.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: SUBSTANCE] <!-- Check the link to see if it exists --> | |||
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_SUBSTANCE.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: SUBSTANCE]<!-- Check the link to see if it exists --> | |||
==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
| Line 160: | Line 165: | ||
It is strongly recommended that one uses [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | It is strongly recommended that one uses [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | ||
===Overdose=== | ===Overdose=== | ||
1cP-LSD has no known toxic dose. However, higher doses increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions. These reactions include [[anxiety]], [[delusions]] and [[panic attacks]]. Medical attention is usually not needed except in the case of severe psychotic episodes or the ingestion of [[fake acid]] (such as [[25i-NBOMe]] or [[DOB]]). Administration of [[benzodiazepines]] or [[antipsychotics]] can help to relieve the acute negative cognitive effects of 1cP-LSD. | 1cP-LSD has no known toxic dose. However, higher doses increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions. These reactions include [[anxiety]], [[delusions]] and [[panic attacks]]. Medical attention is usually not needed except in the case of severe psychotic episodes or the ingestion of [[fake acid]] (such as [[25i-NBOMe]] or [[DOB]]). Administration of [[benzodiazepines]] or [[antipsychotics]] can help to relieve the acute negative cognitive effects of 1cP-LSD. | ||
=== | ===Dependence and abuse potential=== | ||
Although no formal studies have been conducted, it is assumed that like LSD itself, 1cP-LSD is [[Addiction potential::non-addictive with a low abuse potential]]. There are no literature reports of successful attempts to train animals to self-administer LSD — an animal model predictive of abuse liability — indicating that it does not have the necessary pharmacology to either initiate or maintain dependence.<ref name="Nichols2004" /> Likewise, there is virtually no withdrawal syndrome when chronic use of LSD is stopped.{{citation needed}} It is likely that 1cP-LSD does not deviate from LSD in this respect. | |||
Tolerance to the effects of 1cP-LSD is built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::5-7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::14 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 1cP-LSD produces cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the use of 1cP-LSD they will have a reduced effect. | |||
===Dangerous interactions=== | ===Dangerous interactions=== | ||
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | {{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | ||
The following substances are listed on the assumption that 1cP-LSD possesses a similar if not the same dangerous interactions profile as [[LSD]], and may include more due to its status as an unstudied research chemical. | The following substances are listed on the assumption that 1cP-LSD possesses a similar if not the same dangerous interactions profile as [[LSD]], and may include more due to its status as an unstudied research chemical. | ||
| Line 173: | Line 182: | ||
==Legal status== | ==Legal status== | ||
{{LegalStub}} | {{LegalStub}} | ||
*''' | |||
*'''Canada''': 1cP- LSD is unscheduled in Canada. | |||
*'''Czech Republic''': 1cP-LSD is not a controlled substance, and is not named on the list of illegal substances.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463 | title=Nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb. Nařízení vlády o seznamech návykových látek | publisher=Zákony pro lidi | language=Czech|id=178/2013|date=December 18, 2013}}</ref> | |||
*'''Germany''': 1cP-LSD is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=September 16, 2021|language=de}}</ref> as of July 2, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|access-date=September 16, 2021|language=de|pages=2231–2243|publication-date=July 2, 2021|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|title=Zweite Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl121s2231.pdf|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2021 Teil I Nr. 38}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=September 16, 2021|language=de}}</ref> | |||
*'''Japan''': 1cP-LSD is controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, making it illegal to possess or sell.<ref>{{cite web|title=指定薬物を指定する省令が公布されました|language=ja|url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iyakuhin/yakubuturanyou/oshirase/20210122-1.html|publisher=厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)]|access-date=March 25, 2021}}</ref> | |||
*'''Sweden''': Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 1cP-LSD as a dangerous substance on December 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2019/december/tjugotre-amnen-foreslas-klassas-som-narkotika-eller-halsofarlig-vara/|title=Tjugotre ämnen föreslås klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara | trans-title = Twenty-three substances are proposed to be classified as drugs or dangerous goods |publisher=Folkhälsomyndigheten [Public Health Agency of Sweden]|language=sv|date=December 18, 2019|access-date=July 14, 2020}}</ref> | *'''Sweden''': Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 1cP-LSD as a dangerous substance on December 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2019/december/tjugotre-amnen-foreslas-klassas-som-narkotika-eller-halsofarlig-vara/|title=Tjugotre ämnen föreslås klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara | trans-title = Twenty-three substances are proposed to be classified as drugs or dangerous goods |publisher=Folkhälsomyndigheten [Public Health Agency of Sweden]|language=sv|date=December 18, 2019|access-date=July 14, 2020}}</ref> | ||
*'''Turkey:''' 1cP-LSD is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref name="25 mart 2020, Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı CK Karar Sayısı : 2307">{{Citation | vauthors=((ERDOĞAN, R. T.)) | year=2020 | title=CUMHURBAŞKANI KARARI | publisher=Resmî Gazete | url=https://mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/20.5.2307.pdf}}</ref> | |||
*'''United Kingdom''': 1cP-LSD is illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Psychoactive Substances Act 2016|publisher=legislation.gov.uk|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted|access-date=July 14, 2020}}</ref> | *'''United Kingdom''': 1cP-LSD is illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Psychoactive Substances Act 2016|publisher=legislation.gov.uk|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted|access-date=July 14, 2020}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Research chemicals]] | *[[Research chemicals]] | ||
| Line 184: | Line 199: | ||
*[[LSD]] | *[[LSD]] | ||
*[[1P-LSD]] | *[[1P-LSD]] | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1cP-LSD 1cP-LSD (Wikipedia)] | ||
* | *[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=7484 1-CPA-LSD (Isomer Design)] | ||
==Literature== | ==Literature== | ||
* APA formatted reference | |||
*APA formatted reference | |||
Please see the [[citation formatting guide]] if you need assistance properly formatting citations. | Please see the [[citation formatting guide]] if you need assistance properly formatting citations. | ||
--> | --> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Category:Proofread]][[Category:Approval]] | [[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | ||
[[Category:Proofread]] | |||
[[Category:Approval]] | |||