MAOI: Difference between revisions

===Before MAOI consumption===

*Substances with slow elimination

**[[Methamphetamine]]: Because of its slow elimination, low concentrations of Methamphetamine can be detected in urine for up to 7 days after a single oral dose of 30 mg (Valentine et al., 1995) or up to 60 h after a single 15-mg smoked or intravenous dose (Cook et al., 1993).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Li, L.)), ((Galloway, G. P.)), ((Verotta, D.)), ((Everhart, E. T.)), ((Baggott, M. J.)), ((Coyle, J. R.)), ((Lopez, J. C.)), ((Mendelson, J.)) | journal=The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | title=A Method to Quantify Illicit Intake of Drugs from Urine: Methamphetamine | volume=338 | issue=1 | pages=31–36 | date= July 2011 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3126645/ | issn=0022-3565 | doi=10.1124/jpet.111.179176}}</ref> A chronic meth user might still test positive seven to 10 days after consuming the drug.

==Poly drug use==

*[[Ayahuasca]]: The [[tryptamine]] [[DMT]] will break down without MAOIs when taken orally.

{{see also|RIMA#List of RIMAs}}

===Nonselective MAOIs/RIMAs===

*Naturally occurring sources

|[[Cannabis#Chemistry|Cannabis]], Cannabis extract

|

|-

|[[Cocoa]] bean (from ''Theobroma cacao'')

|-

|[[Cocoa]] bean (from ''Theobroma cacao'')

|MAO-B<ref name="Catechin, and epicatechin">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Hou, W.-C.)), ((Lin, R.-D.)), ((Chen, C.-T.)), ((Lee, M.-H.)) | journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | title=Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition by active principles from Uncaria rhynchophylla | volume=100 | issue=1–2 | pages=216–220 | date=22 August 2005 | issn=0378-8741 | doi=10.1016/j.jep.2005.03.017}}</ref>

|-

|[[Cocoa]] bean (from ''Theobroma cacao'')

|MAO-B<ref name="Catechin, and epicatechin" />

|-

|[[Cocoa]] bean (from ''Theobroma cacao'')

|

|-

|Quercetin

|MAO-A

|-

|[[Peganum_harmala#Chemistry|Syrian rue (''Peganum harmala'')]]

|-

|[[Peganum_harmala#Chemistry|Syrian rue (''Peganum harmala'')]]

|MAO-A<ref name="pmid35832393">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.925272/full</ref><ref name="harman">{{cite journal |last1=Herraiz |first1=T |last2=Chaparro |first2=C |title=Human monoamine oxidase enzyme inhibition by coffee and beta-carbolines norharman and harman isolated from coffee. |journal=Life sciences |date=18 January 2006 |volume=78 |issue=8 |pages=795-802 |doi=10.1016/j.lfs.2005.05.074 |pmid=16139309}}</ref><!-- Added to: MAOI, Harmala alkaloid -->

|-

|[[Harmine]]

|[[RIMA]]

|-

|[[Nicotiana (botany)|Tobacco]]

|MAO-A, MAO-B

|-

|[[Nicotiana (botany)|Tobacco]]

|MAO-A, MAO-B

|-

|Norharman<ref name="Tobacco" />

|MAO-A, MAO-B<ref name="norharman" />

|-

|}

*Naturally occurring sources

**Yohimbe (''Pausinystalia johimbe''): [[Yohimbine]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Wagmann, L.)), ((Brandt, S. D.)), ((Kavanagh, P. V.)), ((Maurer, H. H.)), ((Meyer, M. R.)) | journal=Toxicology Letters | title=In vitro monoamine oxidase inhibition potential of alpha-methyltryptamine analog new psychoactive substances for assessing possible toxic risks | volume=272 | pages=84–93 | date=15 April 2017 | issn=1879-3169 | doi=10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.03.007}}</ref>

*Psychedelics

**[[2C-T-2]] (suspected, weak)<ref name="2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7">http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/385484-2C-T-family-and-MAOI-properties</ref>

**[[2C-T-7]] (suspected, strong)<ref name="2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7" />

**[[Bromo-DragonFLY]] (suspected, very strong)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Noble, C.)), ((Holm, N. B.)), ((Mardal, M.)), ((Linnet, K.)) | journal=Toxicology Letters | title=Bromo-dragonfly, a psychoactive benzodifuran, is resistant to hepatic metabolism and potently inhibits monoamine oxidase A | volume=295 | pages=397–407 | date=1 October 2018 | issn=1879-3169 | doi=10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.018}}</ref>

*Pharmaceuticals

**Bifemelane (Alnert, Celeport) (available in Japan)

===Unknown selectivity===

*Psychedelics

**[[5-MeO-AET]]

====Psychoactive naturally occurring sources with high tyramine content====

*[[Psychedelic cacti]]. The cacti contain contain a bunch of phenethylamines, not just tyramine (but also 3-Methoxytyramine, methyltyramine, hordenine (aka dimethyltyramine), mescaline, etc) and should thus be avoided with MAOIs. However, tyramine has been identified in these species:

**[[Echinopsis peruviana|Peruvian torch cactus (''Echinopsis peruviana'' (syn. ''Trichocereus peruvianus''))]]<ref name="pubmed-600028">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Pardanani, J. H.)), ((McLaughlin, J. L.)), ((Kondrat, R. W.)), ((Cooks, R. G.)) | journal=Lloydia | title=Cactus alkaloids. XXXVI. Mescaline and related compounds from Trichocereus peruvianus | volume=40 | issue=6 | pages=585–590 | date= December 1977 | issn=0024-5461}}</ref>

====By pharmacotherapy====

*Antibiotics

**Linezolid

===Essential vitamins and minerals===

*Vitamin B6: MAOIs may reduce blood levels of vitamin B6. Not studied on harmalas. But on tranylcypromine (a cyclopropane), and phenelzine (a hydrazine), two pharms with distinct chemical groups.

===Substances===

*[[Lysergamides]]: [[LSD]]. MAOIs seem to cause a greater reduction in the effects of LSD than SSRIs.<ref>{{Citation | title=Erowid LSD (Acid) Vault : LSD and Antidepressants, by Mike | url=https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_health3.shtml}}</ref>

===Research===

*Naturally occurring sources

**''[[Mimosa tenuiflora (botany)|Mimosa tenuiflora]]'': As there have been no MAO inhibitors detected in M. tenuiflora, there is ongoing interest into how yurema exerts its visionary effects.<ref>{{Citation | title=Dimethyltryptamine - an overview, ScienceDirect Topics | url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/dimethyltryptamine}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Responsible use]]

*[[RIMA]]

==External links==

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (Wikipedia)]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_A Monoamine oxidase A (Wikipedia)]