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Sedative: Difference between revisions
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A '''sedative''' or '''tranquilizer''' or '''tranquilliser''' is a substance that induces [[Sedation|sedation]] by reducing [[Irritability| | A '''sedative''' or '''tranquilizer''' or '''tranquilliser''' is a substance that induces [[Sedation|sedation]] by reducing [[Irritability|irritability]]<ref name="urlJohns Hopkins Colon Cancer Center - Glossary S">{{cite web |url=http://www.hopkinscoloncancercenter.org/index.cfm?cID=194&CFID=1128737&CFTOKEN=20842936 |title=Johns Hopkins Colon Cancer Center - Glossary S |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> or excitement. | ||
At higher doses it may result in slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. Doses of sedatives such as [[benzodiazepines]], when used to induce sleep, tend to be higher than amounts used to relieve [[Anxiety|anxiety]], whereas only low doses are needed to provide a peaceful effect.<ref>{{cite journal |author1-last=Montenegro|author1-first=M.|author2-last=Veiga|author2-first=H.|author3-last=Deslandes|author3-first=A.|author4-last=Cagy|author4-first=M.|author5-last=McDowell|author5-first=K.|author6-last=Pompeu|author6-first=F.|author7-last=Piedade|author7-first=R.|author8-last=Ribeiro|author8-first=P.|title=[Neuromodulatory effects of caffeine and bromazepam on visual event-related potential (P300): a comparative study.] |journal=Arq Neuropsiquiatr |volume=63 |issue=2B |pages=410–5 |date=June 2005 |pmid=16059590 |doi=10.1590/S0004-282X2005000300009 |url=http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2005000300009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en }}</ref> | At higher doses it may result in slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. Doses of sedatives such as [[benzodiazepines]], when used to induce sleep, tend to be higher than amounts used to relieve [[Anxiety|anxiety]], whereas only low doses are needed to provide a peaceful effect.<ref>{{cite journal |author1-last=Montenegro|author1-first=M.|author2-last=Veiga|author2-first=H.|author3-last=Deslandes|author3-first=A.|author4-last=Cagy|author4-first=M.|author5-last=McDowell|author5-first=K.|author6-last=Pompeu|author6-first=F.|author7-last=Piedade|author7-first=R.|author8-last=Ribeiro|author8-first=P.|title=[Neuromodulatory effects of caffeine and bromazepam on visual event-related potential (P300): a comparative study.] |journal=Arq Neuropsiquiatr |volume=63 |issue=2B |pages=410–5 |date=June 2005 |pmid=16059590 |doi=10.1590/S0004-282X2005000300009 |url=http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2005000300009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en }}</ref> | ||
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==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
====[[Benzodiazepines]]==== | ====[[Benzodiazepines]]==== | ||
*[[Alprazolam]] | *[[Alprazolam]] | ||
*[[Clonazepam]] | *[[Clonazepam]] | ||
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*[[Lorazepam]] | *[[Lorazepam]] | ||
*[[Temazepam]] | *[[Temazepam]] | ||
====A-typical==== | ====A-typical==== | ||
*[[Alcohol]] | *[[Alcohol]] | ||
*[[GHB]] | *[[GHB]] | ||
*[[GBL]] | *[[GBL]] | ||
*[[Talk:Blue Lotus|Blue Lotus]] | |||
==Therapeutic use== | ==Therapeutic use== | ||
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Advances in pharmacology have permitted more specific targeting of receptors, and greater selectivity of agents, which necessitates greater precision when describing these agents and their effects: | Advances in pharmacology have permitted more specific targeting of receptors, and greater selectivity of agents, which necessitates greater precision when describing these agents and their effects: | ||
* '''Anxiolytic''' refers specifically to the effect upon [[anxiety]]. (However, some benzodiazepines can be all three: sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics). | *'''Anxiolytic''' refers specifically to the effect upon [[anxiety]]. (However, some benzodiazepines can be all three: sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics). | ||
* '''Tranquilizer''' can refer to anxiolytics or [[antipsychotic]]s. | *'''Tranquilizer''' can refer to anxiolytics or [[antipsychotic]]s. | ||
* '''Soporific''' and sleeping pill are near-synonyms for [[hypnotic]]s. | *'''Soporific''' and sleeping pill are near-synonyms for [[hypnotic]]s. | ||
==Sedative dependence== | ==Sedative dependence== | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Depressants]] | *[[Depressants]] | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedative Sedative (Wikipedia)] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedative Sedative (Wikipedia)] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Depressant]] | |||