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Comparison of darknet markets: Difference between revisions

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The purpose of this comparison is to keep an overview about the constantly changing phenomenon of darknet markets. The comparison in durability, success and security shall enable people to ''evaluate markets and make independent decisions'' before using them.
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A '''darknet market''' (also known as a '''DNM''') is a website operating in a darknet (e.g., Freenet, I2P, TOR) through which goods and services (typically drugs) are traded. The legal status of the traded goods depends varies from country to country. The purpose of this comparison is to provide an overview of the constantly changing phenomenon of darknet markets. The comparison in durability, success, and security should enable people to ''evaluate markets and make independent decisions'' before using them.


== Current Markets==
[[File:Silkroadlogo.jpeg|150px|thumbnail|right|The "Silk Road" (founded 2011-01-31) was the first known darknet market. With the combination of TOR, Bitcoin and PGP it established the central market scheme.]]
====General and Statistics====
 
According to their major features and design, at least five archetypes of marketplaces can be distinguished.
# '''Forum Markets'''. These are basically forums where vendors present their products, customers post feedback and have discussions. These markets neither have an online shopping interface nor a reputation or escrow system. Trusted members of the community may act as escrow agents.
# '''Centralized Markets'''. The original "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road_%28marketplace%29 Silkroad]" was the first of this kind. Buyers and vendors have their bitcoins in an online wallet which is controlled by the markets admin and therefore rely totally on the good will of the markets admins. Several big scams have happened in the past in which millions of dollars (in bitcoin) were stolen.
# '''Multi-Signature Markets'''. In this type of market, funds will be deposited in a multi-signature wallet. At least three parties (usually: buyer, vendor, market admin) have the control over these wallets. Two of them have to agree to release the funds. The most elaborate marketplace of this kind was "The Marketplace". Second generation marketplaces have yet to gain serious market share.
# '''Decentralized Markets'''. There are some projects which are currently developing software to host drug marketplaces in a distributed manner. As of 2017, they have yet to be adopted by the darknet market community.
# Beside that some vendors maintain their own '''single vendor web shop'''. These won’t be listed here because they are too numerous and there is no way of protecting against scams. Some vendor shops are listed here: https://dnstats.net/vendor-shops/1 .
 
All markets are hosted either as Tor Hidden Services (Onion Sites), i2p sites (eepsites) or another kind of p2p or darknet. Therefore they can not be accessed with a normal web browser.
 
== Centralized markets ==
[[File:User.svg|40px|left]]
All these markets have a certain concept in common. There is a staff team which is maintaining a website as an onion or eepsite in TOR or I2P. They offer all the features to vendors and buyers. They take some % of every transaction as commission for their own profit and often take a bond of vendors to prevent scammers off signing up. Their definite trait is that the admin has the absolute power over the users funds.


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
|-
|-
! Name and Adress
! Name, Adress, Forum, Subdread
! Forum
! Date of Opening
! Date of Opening
! No. of Listings
! # of listings
! Registration
! Registration
! 2-Factor-Authentification
! 2-Factor-Authentification
! Escrow System
! Java Script
! Java Script, use of
! PGP
! PGP enforced
! Incidents
! Security Incidents
! Cryptocoins
! Wallet Clearing (after finalized orders)
|-
|-
| ''' Agora''' <br /> (http://agorahoo3yigtggf.onion/)
| '''Alphabay''' <br /> (http://alphabay522szl32u4ci5e3iokdsyth56ei7rwngr2wm7i5jo54j2eid.onion) <br /> (http://tnaefzkcnhryeusi7hdpqujqiqmnbtah3dmjcg3gvezohunjuxbq.b32.i2p) <br /> Forum <br /> (?) <br /> Subdread <br /> (http://dreadytofatroptsdj6io7l3xptbet6onoyno2yv7jicoxknyazubrad.onion/d/Alphabay)
| yes <br /> (http://lacbzxobeprssrfx.onion/)
| 2021-08-10
| 2013-12-05
| ~4400 <br /> (Each quantity is one item.)
| style="background: yellow" | [http://agorahoo3yigtggf.onion/register/?S11mNAX1am Invite Only]
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #F99" | Central Escrow
| ?
| ?
| ?
| style="background: #9F9" | no
| ?
|-
| ''' BlackBank''' <br /> (http://wztyb7vlfcw6l4xd.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://wztyb7vlfcw6l4xd.onion/)
| 2014-01-31
| ? <br /> (Each quantity is one item.)
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| ?
| style="background: #9F9" | No
| ?
| {{yes}}
| ?
| style="background: #F99" | Yes<ref>https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/alphabay-takedown</ref>
| style="background: #9F9" | no
| XMR
| ?
|-
|-
| '''Evolution''' <br /> (http://k5zq47jpkhamu57j.onion/)
| '''Dark0de Reborn / Darkode Reborn''' <br /> (http://darkodemard3wjoe63ld6zebog73ncy77zb2iwjtdjam4xwvpjmjitid.onion/) <br /> Forum <br /> (http://darkodefoctohioo6eof3qh2vjpgvuial7doxeaqyfoqwpaujfyxdoid.onion/) <br /> Subdread <br /> (http://dreadytofatroptsdj6io7l3xptbet6onoyno2yv7jicoxknyazubrad.onion/d/Dark0deReborn)
| yes <br /> (http://i25c62nvu4cgeqyz.onion/)
| 2020-05-26
| 2013-12-28
| ~2500 <br /> (Multiple quantities per item possible.)
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #FFC65D" | Central Escrow </br> Multi-Signature Escrow (optional)
| ?
| ?
| ?
| style="background: #9F9" | no
| ?
|-
| '''Outlaw Market''' <br /> (http://outfor6jwcztwbpd.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://outforumbpapnpqr.onion/)
| 2014-02-04
| ~320 <br /> (Each quantity is one item.)
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #F99" | Central Escrow
| style="background: #9F9" | No
| ?
| ?
| style="background: #F99" | yes <ref>http://www.deepdotweb.com/2014/08/01/outlaw-market-down-possibily-compromised/</ref>
| ?
|}
 
====Securtiy Features and Incidents====
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
! Marketplace
! 2-Factor-Authentification
! Escrow System
! Java Script Usage
! Open Source Software
! Vendor PGP Enforced
! Security Incidents
! Wallet Clearing (after finished Escrow)
|-
| '''Agora'''
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #FFC65D" | On Site Wallet
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}|no incidents
| {{no}}
|-
| '''BlackBank'''
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #90FF90" | Multi-Signature-Wallet
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}|no incidents
| {{yes}}
|-
| '''Evolution'''
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #FFC65D" | On Site Wallet
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}|no incidents
| {{no}}
|-
| '''Outlaw Market'''
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #FFC65D" | On Site Wallet
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}|no incidents
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #9F9" | No
| BTC, XMR
|-
|-
|}
|}
Line 118: Line 57:
! Criterion
! Criterion
! Explanation
! Explanation
|-
| '''Marketplace'''
| The name of the marketplace.
|-
|-
| '''2-Factor-Authentification'''
| '''2-Factor-Authentification'''
| With 2-factor authentification you need to decrypt a with your private PGP key. This feature avoids successful phishing of your name and password.
| With 2-factor authentification, one needs to decrypt with a private PGP key. This feature avoids successful phishing of one's name and password.
|-
| '''Account Deletion Option'''
| Can you delete your account on the marketplace?
|-
| '''Automatic Worst-Case Procedure'''
| Will the site automatically shutdown if i.e. for a certain amount of time no admin is logging in?
|-
| '''Escrow System, Type of'''
| Escrow should ensure neither buyers nor vendors scam each other. No escrow increases the probability vendors or customers scam each other. On-site wallets decreases this risk but unfortunately were abused in the past to steal bitcoins from users by hackers or admins (Atlantis, Project Blag Flag, Sheep, Silkroad 2.0). With Multi-Signature-Wallets 2 of 3 people (Market Admin, Vendor, Customer) must agree to the release of the money in escrow.
|-
|-
| '''Java Script Disable (Forced)'''
|Many people consider Javascript as a securtiy risk. Some sites force you to turn it off before entering their site.
|-
|-
|'''Open Source Software'''  
| '''Java Script'''  
| Is the software of the site Open Source (i.e. BitWasp [http://bitwasp.co/]). Open Source Software is available for security assessment by external persons.
|Some people consider Javascript a security risk. Some sites force you to turn it off before entering their site.
|-
|-
| '''PGP in PMs (Forced)'''  
| '''PGP'''  
| Is the use of PGP obligatory in private messages? Writing unencrypted messages endangers you and other people.
| Is the use of PGP encryption obligatory in private messages? It typically is not, but writing unencrypted messages may expose personal details to the market admins and law enforcement agencies.
|-
|-
| '''Security Incidents'''  
| '''Incidents'''  
| Bitcoins disappeared? Team members busted? Page hacked?
| Bitcoins disappeared? Team members busted? Page hacked? Did anything happen what undermines the credibility and professionalism of the people who run the marketplace?
|-
|-
| '''Wallet Clearing (after finished Escrow)'''
| Will your on site wallet be cleared if all transactions are finalized? With Multi-Signature Wallets a unique address is created for every transaction. Only the exact amount if money is required.
|}
|}


====Minor Markets====
== Multi-signature markets ==
Some dead, some in developement, some scams, some unknown.
[[File:Users.svg|40px|left]]
<br>(need to be integrated into chart if matured)
 
* Dream Market: [http://ltxocqh4nvwkofil.onion/?ai=3166 http://ltxocqh4nvwkofil.onion]
* The Onion Market: [http://tom3j5jkjl7327oc.onion/register.html?refid=f0a http://tom3j5jkjl7327oc.onion]
* Black Bank Bitcoin Market And Casino: http://omo6o7akcampiryq.onion
* The Majestic Garden: http://2mybnercfcums5lj.onion Forum: http://bm26rwk32m7u7rec.onion
* RAMP: http://ramp2bombkadwvgz.onion
* Silkroad Reloaded: http://silkroadreloaded.i2p
* Ukrainian Psy Community: http://psyco42coib33wfl.onion
 
==Dead Markets==


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
|-
|-
! Name
! Name, Adress, Forum, Subdread
! Forum
! Date of Opening
! Date of Opening
! Date of Shutdown
! # of listings
! Reason of Shutdown
! Registration
|-  
! 2-Factor-Authentification
| '''Alpaca Marketplace''': http://alpaca7bcqv2rnu3.onion
! Java Script
| yes </br> http://nexus6crq6vc7piw.onion
! PGP
| ?
! Security Incidents
| ?
! Cryptocoins
| ?
|-
|-
| '''Andromeda''' <br /> (http://andromedam363aux.onion/)
| '''The Versus Project''' <br /> (http://q2f7swt5yvbhciqqbbsidufu2vtkv6ivwy6g5i5ukejjlb2jeghd2had.onion) <br /> (http://pqqmr3p3tppwqvvapi6fa7jowrehgd36ct6lzr26qqormaqvh6gt4jyd.onion) <br /> Forum <br /> (http://q2f7swt5yvbhciqqbbsidufu2vtkv6ivwy6g5i5ukejjlb2jeghd2had.onion/forum) <br /> Subdread <br /> (http://dreadytofatroptsdj6io7l3xptbet6onoyno2yv7jicoxknyazubrad.onion/d/Versus)
| yes <br /> (http://andromedam363aux.onion/forums.php)
| 2019-11-02
| 2014-04-11
| 2014-11-18
| Scam
|-
| '''Atlantis'''  <br /> (http://atlantisrky4es5q.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://atlmlxbk2mbupwgr.onion/)
| 2013-03-??
| 2013-09-20
| Scam
|-
| '''Black Goblin Marketplace''' <br /> (http://ua4aptglh45m5p6b.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
| style="background: #90FF90" | Open
| {{yes}}
| style="background: #9F9" | No
| ?
| ?
| style="background: #F99" | Yes
| BTC, XMR
|}
== Forum markets ==
[[File:Comments-o.svg|40px|left]] These websites are based on ordinary forum software. There is no cart, wallet or escrow provided. Transactions usually happen directly between vendor and customer.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center; font-size: smaller;"
|-
|-
| '''Black Market Reloaded V1-V3'''  <br /> (http://r6rcmz6lga4i5vb4.onion/)
! Name, Address
| yes <br /> (http://fec33nz6mhzd54zj.onion/)
! Date of Opening
| 2012-08-??
! Registration
| ?
! Java Script
| Turned off voluntarily. Claimed to come back after consolidation of the darknet market situation.
! Incidents
! Notes
|-
|-
| '''Black Services Market''' (BSM)  <br /> (http://thebsm6okkbx7fik.onion)
| '''DarbeTürk''' <br /> (https://darbeturk.net)
| yes <br /> (http://fec33nz6mhzd54zj.onion/)
| 2005-??-??
| 2013-12-12
| style="background: #FFC65D" | Paid Only
| 2014-??-??
| style="background: #F99" | Yes
| ?
| style="background: #F99" | Yes <br /> (They were government supporter hacker team before 2015)
|-
| Turkish Underground Forum
| '''Blue Sky Store''' <br /> (http://blueskyplzv4fsti.onion/)
| no
| 2013-12-04
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''Breaking Bad Marketplace''' <br /> (http://breakingnartglxd.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Cannabis Road V1''' <br /> (http://ji4wrifhsnawaw7t.onion)
| no
| 2014-02-03
| 2014-02-07
| ?
|-
| '''Cannabis Road V3''' <br /> (http://cannabiskofvl7pa.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://forumzxmoorof4ja.onion)
| 2014-03-28
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''Cantina Marketplace''' <br /> (http://vsudl2g3em6qhcw4.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Cloud-Nine'''<br /> (http://bviaqyj6obc54vhn.onion)
| no
| 2014-02-11
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''DarkBay''' <br /> (http://darkbay4rwgvdkqn.onion/index/zvuz6m)
| yes <br /> (http://7y26aczl3wdyujkc.onion/index.php)
| 2014-02-26
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''DeepBay''' <br /> (http://deepbay4xr3sw2va.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''DogeRoad''' <br /> http://dogeroadiqt6olb6.onion
| yes </br> http://dogeroadqmu2yzcg.onion
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Drug List''' <br /> (http://drugslisvdknitqd.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://drugslisvdknitqd.onion/forum)
| 2014-01-30
| 2014-05-01
| voluntarily
|-
| '''DrugMarket''' <br /> http://4yjes6zfucnh7vcj.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Freebay''' <br /> (http://freebay3yxuebsog.onion/)
| no
| 2013-11-07
| 2014-02-28
| voluntary
|-
| '''Flo Market''' <br /> (http://fmkt3wixc772jxyj.onion)
| no
| 2013-12-01
| 2014-01-04
| [http://www.deepdotweb.com/2014/01/09/flomarket-admin-im-not-a-scammer-an-exculsive-interview/ Shutdown after Hack] (or Scam)
|-
| '''Greyroad''' <br /> (http://greyroaderw4qymd.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Hydra''' <br /> (http://hydrampvvnunildl.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://hydrafmchvpq5yc6.onion/)
| 2014-04-12
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''Litebay''' <br /> (http://litebay7vp5pm77f.onion/)
| no
| 2013-12-06
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Pandora''' <br /> (http://pandorajodqp5zrr.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://bl3j73taluhwidx5.onion/)
| 2013-10-28
| 2014-08-19
| scam
|-
| '''Pirate Market''' <br /> (http://yjhzeedl5osagmmr.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://yjhzeedl5osagmmr.onion/forum.php)
| 2013-11-29
| 2014-08-15
| scam
|-
| '''Project Black Flag''' <br /> (https://ajd4yqq7ngzmqo3p.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://blackiiw5nozs6i5.onion)
| 2013-10-14
| 2013-10-28
| Scam
|-
| '''Sheep Marketplace''' <br /> (https://sheep5u64fi457aw.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://sheep5u64fi457aw.onion)
| 2013-03-??
| 2013-12-01
| Scam; [http://www.deepdotweb.com/2013/12/27/the-sheep-bmr-and-maybe-tormarket-hacker-investigation/ or possibly hacked]
|-
| '''Silk Road''' <br /> (https://silkroadvb5piz3r.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://dkn255hz262ypmii.onion)
| 2011-02-10 (approx.)
| 2013-10-02
| Seized by Law Enforcement
|-
| '''Silkroad 2.0''' (SR2/SR2.0) <br /> (http://silkroad6ownowfk.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://silkroad5v7dywlc.onion/)
| 2013-11-06
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''The Black Box Market''' <br /> (http://77yqlxe7pnxhnxvi.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''The Marketplace''' (TMP) <br /> (http://themarketplace.i2p) <br /> (http://r35rdglu7cjmsxh5qn3v6o5q7cnejanwg4h2viuvaqavpbf5uqaq.b32.i2p)
| yes <br /> (http://themarketplace.i2p/forum/index.php)
| 2013-11-14
| 2014-1109
| ?
|-
| '''Three Hamster''' <br /> (http://hamsterluww4twpm.onion/)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Three Hares Bazaar''' <br /> (THB) (http://3haresyyuxpqqqdz.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Topix Vallium''' <br /> (http://topixslhezyytrvm.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Torbay''' <br /> (http://tyedahhf56xli7xp.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| ''' TorBazaar''' <br /> (http://3p42y56a76g6okuv.onion)
| yes <br /> (http://22iwhc2luicynjqy.onion/)
| 2014-01-20
| 2014-11-06
| [http://gizmodo.com/here-are-all-the-dark-net-markets-seized-in-operation-o-1656541553 Operation Onymous]
|-
| '''Tormarket'''  <br /> (http://tormarkozaegyvco.onion/)
| yes <br /> (http://7kyuxl5h7xjl6eir.onion/)
|
| 2013-12-22
| Unknown
|-
| '''Tortuga''' <br /> (http://tortugauwngwecwd.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''UltraVioletCity Market''' <br /> (http://ultracityi2gdwhq.onion)
| (http://7y26aczl3wdyujkc.onion)
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Underground Market Board 3.0''' <br /> (http://bvnyausyqbt65i6u.onion)
| -
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| '''Utopia Marketplace''' <br /> (http://ggvow6fj3sehlm45.onion)
| no
| ?
| ?
| [http://www.deepdotweb.com/2014/02/11/utopia-marketplace-seized-by-dutch-police/ Seized by Law Enforment]
|-
| '''White Rabbit''' <br /> (http://rabbittorwr74veg.onion <br> http://wrmarket.i2p)
| no
| ?
| ?
| ?
|}
|}


==Miscellaneous==
==Online marketplace software==
===Tor hidden services===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenBazaar OpenBazaar]
* [http://grams7enufi7jmdl.onion// "Grams"] - Darknet Market search engine, Bitcoin mixer, Vendor directory
 
* [http://directory4iisquf.onion/ "All Markets Vendor Directory"] - A Directory for Darknet Vendors
==Further reading==
* [http://fqyfryfq2iznzsob.onion/ "The Darknet Feedback Database"] - Search by pgp key and known username. Includes BMR feedback db.
* [[Network#Tor hidden services]]
* [http://kingdomazsnvzfuq.onion/ "The Kingdom Forums"] - General Darknet Market Forum


===Clearnet===
==External links==
* [http://www.deepdotweb.com/2013/10/28/updated-llist-of-hidden-marketplaces-tor-i2p/ List] and [http://www.deepdotweb.com/dark-net-market-comparison-chart/ Comparison chart] of hidden Marketplaces TOR/I2P @ [http://www.deepdotweb.com Deep Dot Web]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darknet_market Darknet market (Wikipedia)]
* [http://www.gwern.net/Black-market%20survival#data Comparison of current and dead darknet markets] made by [http://www.gwern.net gwern.net]
* [http://dnstats.net/market-comparison Comparison] of darknet markets by [http://dnstats.net dnstats.net]
* [http://www.reddit.com/r/DarkNetMarkets Subreddit for all Darknet Markets]
* [http://www.reddit.com/r/DarkNetMarkets/comments/1wxkvn/introducing_the_wall_of_shame_marketplaces_to/ Wall of Shame] List of markets to avoid on reddit.com/r/darknetmarkets


==References==
<references />


[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Website]]
[[Category:Main Page List Articles]]
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