Talk:Magnolia: Difference between revisions

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Not sure if this substance/botany entry would be best suited as "Magnolia", "Magnolia bark", "Magnolia officinalis", "Magnolol", "Honokiol", or another title.

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==Chemistry==

Magnolia Bark contains two main psychoactive compounds, Honokiol and Magnolol, which belongs to a class of neolignan biphenols. Honokiol and Magnolol are positional isomers, only differing by the position of one Hydroxyl group. They are hydrophobic and readily dissolved in lipids.

==Pharmacology==

It is believed that honokiol acts on GABAA receptors similarly to benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. However, honokiol has been shown to achieve anxiolysis with fewer motor or cognitive side effects than GABAA receptor agonists such as flurazepam and diazepam. It has been shown that honokiol likely has a higher selectivity for different GABAA receptor subtypes and both magnolol and honokiol showed higher efficacy when acting on receptors containing δ subunits. GABAA receptors control ligand-gated Cl− channels that can help increase seizure thresholds through the influx of chloride anions. Honokiol may also affect the synthesis of GABA. In a study where mice received seven daily injections of honokiol, researchers observed a mild increase in hippocampal levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67) an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of GABA. However, the increase was within the margin of error for the method used to quantify the protein. Honokiol and magnolol have also been found to act as agonists at the cannabinoid receptors with significant affinity for the CB2 receptor.

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 {{SummarySheet}}
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+{{SubstanceBox/Honokiol}}
 Not sure if this substance/botany entry would be best suited as "Magnolia", "Magnolia bark", "Magnolia officinalis", "Magnolol", "Honokiol", or another title.
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 ==Chemistry==
+Magnolia Bark contains two main psychoactive compounds, Honokiol and Magnolol, which belongs to a class of neolignan biphenols. Honokiol and Magnolol are positional isomers, only differing by the position of one Hydroxyl group. They are hydrophobic and readily dissolved in lipids.
 {{chemistry}}
 ==Pharmacology==
+It is believed that honokiol acts on GABAA receptors similarly to benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. However, honokiol has been shown to achieve anxiolysis with fewer motor or cognitive side effects than GABAA receptor agonists such as flurazepam and diazepam. It has been shown that honokiol likely has a higher selectivity for different GABAA receptor subtypes and both magnolol and honokiol showed higher efficacy when acting on receptors containing δ subunits. GABAA receptors control ligand-gated Cl− channels that can help increase seizure thresholds through the influx of chloride anions. Honokiol may also affect the synthesis of GABA. In a study where mice received seven daily injections of honokiol, researchers observed a mild increase in hippocampal levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67) an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of GABA. However, the increase was within the margin of error for the method used to quantify the protein. Honokiol and magnolol have also been found to act as agonists at the cannabinoid receptors with significant affinity for the CB2 receptor.
 {{pharmacology}}