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Talk:Brorphine: Difference between revisions
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==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
{{chemistry}} | {{chemistry}} | ||
Brorphine is an atypical opioid of the piperidine and benzimidazolone class which has some structural similarities with fentanyl.<ref name="UNODC2020"/><ref name="CFSRE2020"/> It is comprised of three main units: A 4-bromophenethyl group, a piperidine ring, and a 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzoimidzole-2-one group. Brorphine is being trafficked as its hydrochloride salt which would be water-soluble.<ref name="DEA2020">{{cite web|date=August 2020|title=Brorphine|url=https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/brorphine.pdf|publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)}}</ref> | Brorphine is an atypical opioid of the [[piperidine]] and benzimidazolone class which has some structural similarities with [[fentanyl]].<ref name="UNODC2020"/><ref name="CFSRE2020"/> It is comprised of three main units: A 4-bromophenethyl group, a piperidine ring, and a 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzoimidzole-2-one group. Brorphine is being trafficked as its hydrochloride salt which would be water-soluble.<ref name="DEA2020">{{cite web|date=August 2020|title=Brorphine|url=https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/brorphine.pdf|publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)}}</ref> | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
{{pharmacology}} | {{pharmacology}} | ||
Opioids exert their effects by binding to and activating the [[Opioid#Mu_.28.CE.BC.29|μ-opioid]] [[receptor]]. This occurs because opioids structurally mimic endorphins which are naturally found in the body and also work with the μ-opioid receptor set. The way in which opioids structurally mimic these natural endorphins results in their [[physical euphoria|euphoria]], [[pain relief]] and [[anxiolytic]] effects. This is because endorphins are responsible for reducing pain, causing sleepiness, and feelings of pleasure. They can be released in response to pain, strenuous exercise, orgasm, or general excitement. | [[Opioids]] exert their effects by binding to and activating the [[Opioid#Mu_.28.CE.BC.29|μ-opioid]] [[receptor]]. This occurs because opioids structurally mimic endorphins which are naturally found in the body and also work with the μ-opioid receptor set. The way in which opioids structurally mimic these natural endorphins results in their [[physical euphoria|euphoria]], [[pain relief]] and [[anxiolytic]] effects. This is because endorphins are responsible for reducing pain, causing sleepiness, and feelings of pleasure. They can be released in response to pain, strenuous exercise, orgasm, or general excitement. | ||
''In vitro'' pharmacological data show brorphine exhibits potency similar to fentanyl<ref name="CFSRE2020"/> and activation of mu-opioid receptors involves recruitment of beta-arrestin-2, a regulatory protein<ref name="DEA2020"/> | ''In vitro'' pharmacological data show brorphine exhibits potency similar to [[fentanyl]]<ref name="CFSRE2020"/> and activation of mu-opioid receptors involves recruitment of beta-arrestin-2, a regulatory protein<ref name="DEA2020"/> | ||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
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Brorphine is not under international control.<ref name="UNODC2020"/> | Brorphine is not under international control.<ref name="UNODC2020"/> | ||
*'''Turkey:''' Metonitazene is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2020/10/20201007-8.pdf</ref> | |||
*'''United States''': As of August 2020, brorphine is not controlled under the Controlled Substances Act.<ref name="DEA2020"/> | *'''United States''': As of August 2020, brorphine is not controlled under the Controlled Substances Act.<ref name="DEA2020"/> | ||