Talk:Dextrorphan
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Most of the first paragraph should be moved to a chemistry section. Please discuss the substance and noteworthy facts in the leading paragraphs. |
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| Dextrorphan | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common names | DXO | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Substitutive name | Dextrorphan | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Systematic name | (+)-17-methyl-9a,13a,14a-morphinan-3-ol | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Psychoactive class | Dissociative | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical class | Morphinan | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Dextrorphan (also known as DXO) is a dissociative drug of the morphinan class. It's the main active metabolite of dextromethorphan (DXM). It appears as a colorless powder.[1]
Chemistry
Dextrorphan is a dextrorotatory molecule of the morphinan class. It contains a phenanthrene core structure with one aromatic ring (benzene) bound to two saturated rings (cyclohexane).Dextromethorphan is metabolized in the body by o-demethylation through the CYP2D6 enzyme to form Dextrorphan.[2]
Pharmacology
The pharmacology of dextrorphan is similar to that of dextromethorphan (DXM). However, dextrorphan is much more potent as an NMDA receptor antagonist as well as essentially inactive as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor.[3] DXO is an active chemical and contributes to the subjective effects experienced when active doses of DXM are consumed.[4]
Binding affinities (Ki)
- NMDA antagonist - 486 nM
- Sigma-1 agonist - 351 nM
- Serotonin transporter (SERT) - 484 nM
- Mu opioid agonist - 420 nM
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
One user reported excessive itchiness accompanied by a "peaceful yet emotionless state" after 340mg of the substance was consumed.[5]
Physical effects
- Appetite suppression
- Changes in felt bodily form
- Gustatory hallucinations
- Itchiness - This effect has become subsequently known as "robo-itch" and though relatively common there are many users who never experience this particular effect while some individuals can experience it quite intensely.
- Muscle spasms
- Motor control loss
- Pain relief
- Perception of decreased weight
- Physical autonomy
- Spatial disorientation
- Tactile disconnection
- Tactile suppression
Cognitive effects
- Amnesia
- Conceptual thinking
- Consciousness disconnection
- Creativity enhancement
- Déjà vu
- Depersonalization
- Derealization
- Disinhibition
- Existential self-realization
- Immersion enhancement
- Increased music appreciation
- Information processing suppression
- Memory suppression
- Novelty enhancement
- Personal bias suppression
- Thought deceleration
- Time distortion
- Unity and interconnectedness
Legal issues
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This legality section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it. |
See also
References
- ↑ "Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 [1]
- ↑ Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of dextromethorphan: fetal and adult studies. [2]
- ↑ Psychotropic Effects of Dextromethorphan Are Altered by the CYP2D6 Polymorphism: A Pilot Study [3]
- ↑ Dextromethorphan: An update on its utility for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders - 3. Pharmacodynamics (January 2016)[4]
- ↑ "Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 [5]
- ↑ List of scheduled substances in Poland. [6]
- ↑ DEA: "Lists of: Scheduling Actions Controlled Substances Regulated Chemicals"